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Evaluation of PRP after Maxillary Sinus Membrane Elevation with simultaneous Implant Placement

Ahmed Mohammed Morsi^*; Khairy Elmorsy ^† and Ihab Basyouni Elmadany ^‡

* Postgraduate student, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

^† Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University.

 ^‡ Lecturer of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University.

Corresponding author: khairyelmorsy@ymail.com

 ABSTRACT: A lot of grafting materials has been used to augment subsinus area. Many of which have inherited drawbacks, so searching about simple, cheap and natural material and has an osteogenic potential was our domain. Recently, Platelet Rich Plasma was introduced. This study aimed to evaluate bone formation after maxillary sinus membrane elevation using lateral window technique and simultaneous implant placement with and without platelet rich plasma loading. Patients and methods: Twelve patients with moderate vertical posterior maxillary bone height (4-7mm) with acceptable inter arch space were included in this study and randomly divided into two equal groups; 6 patients each. Group A (study group) received a Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) gel loaded around and above the implant. Group B (control group) left without PRP loading. Collagen membrane was applied to cover the lateral bone window in both groups. Bone formation and degree of mineralization was evaluated using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) three and six months postoperatively at certain fixed reference points around the implants. Results: Radiographically, new bone formation around the implants was observed in both groups with statistically significant higher increase in the mean bone density after three and six months in both groups. However, Group A showed statistically significant higher mean bone density than Group B at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Immediate implants placement in association with maxillary sinus membrane elevation only is a safe and reliable technique and associated with bone healing around the implant. However, the use of PRP promotes bone formation and increases the amount and its degree of mineralization.

[Ahmed Mohammed Morsi; Khairy Elmorsy and Ihab Basyouni Elmadany. Evaluation of PRP after Maxillary Sinus Membrane Elevation with simultaneous Implant Placement. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):1-8]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.01

Key wards: sinus lifting, sinus membrane tenting, platelet rich plasma, bone formation around implant.

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Standards of investments, income smoothing of central and peripheral industries

Moradzadeh Zargar Mostafa and Rastegar Hossein

Department of Accounting, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran

Abstract: The income is one of the most significant indexes of the economic activities measuring; therefore, each process that changes the income is important. Income smoothing refers to a conscious behavior which occurs for the purpose of decreasing fluctuations of income cycles. In the present study, it's aimed to investigate the possible effect of Iranian Accounting Standard Number 15 (accounting for investments) on the income smoothing as one of the tools of smoothing based on the kind of the industry (core or Peripheral industries). This standard which authorizes use of "market" or "lower of cost or net sales price" for invest in marketable investments that can act as a tool for income smoothing and income manipulation. Actually this opportunity has been given to company managers to show current investments at cost and by their sale at a discretionary time (with fulfilling non-operational gains stemming from maintenance) perform income smoothing (or manipulation). In such case, it is possible that decisions based on unreal or manipulated information is made by users which can result in inappropriate allocation of resources and possible abuses. The findings of this study showed that the smoothing companies in the core industries class, didn't missus these tools for smoothing and in contrast the smoothing firms of the Peripheral industries class can smooth income by using the discretionary accounting in related to marketable investments. It implied that totally some of the smoothing firms of this accounting standard apply the investments as a tool of the smoothing and also the type of industry is important for using this tool.

[Moradzadeh Zargar M, Rastegar H. Standards of investments, income smoothing of central and peripheral industries . J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):9-18]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.02

Keywords: Income Smoothing, Type Industry, Marketable Investments, Investment Accounting Standard.

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Study of employee's readiness in physical education offices of Ardabil and East and West Azerbaijan provinces in accepting TQM

Madani Seyed Mahdi¹ ,Ramezani Saeed², Esmaeilzadeh Saeid³, Mirzaei Kalar Akbar ⁴ , Rastgar Abasali⁵ and Ramezani Sedigheh⁵

¹Department of Humanities Science, Payame Noor University, I.R. of Iran

²Department of Physical Education, Payame Noor University, I.R. of Iran

^3,4 Department of Education, khalkhal, Iran

⁵ Faculty of Management and Economy, University of Semnan, Iran

Abstract: The Purpose of study was survey of employee’s readiness working in physical education offices in West & East Azerbaijan and Ardebil provinces in accepting Total Quality Management. Sample was 125 Employees (45 female and 80 male) that working in the physical education offices of the three mentioned provinces. For response to the study's questions, used the Spinwall (1994) questionnaire including ten variables of TQM and each variable Contain of four questions. The questionnaire was distributed among the Employees and then the collected data was analyzed. Statically method for analysis of data was qualitative methods, t-test, one way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test (P≤ 0/05). Result showed that the officials from three selected provinces with the TQM acceptance mean of 128.422 have a high level of readiness. Other result is that: No significant difference between the amount of readiness in accepting TQM among males and females (P≤ 0/05). Also significant difference between the different working experiences of employees in officials in accepting the TQM is had (P≤0/05). There is no significant difference between the officials regarding their educational degree in accepting the TQM as well as there is no significant difference between the officials in accepting different variables of TQM, except for Continuous improvement.

[Madani Seyed Mahdi, Ramezani Saeed, Esmaeilzadeh Saeid, Mirzaei Kalar Akbar, Rastgar Abasali and Ramezani Sedigheh. Study of employee's readiness in physical education offices of Ardabil and East and West Azerbaijan provinces in accepting TQM. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):19-26]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.03

Key words: Quality, Total Quality Management, Readiness for TQM accepting, Employee.

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Geomorphosite assessment of Ziarat village by the use of Scientific and Additional values Methods

Abdolmajid Ahmadi¹, Mohadese Esfehani², Tayebe Ahmadi³, Akbar Maghsodi⁴, Parinaz Mikaeili⁵

PhD student of Geomorphology, university of Isfahan, Esfahan, Iran

M.Sc of Geomorphology, university of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

M.Sc of Geomorphology, university of hakim sabzevari, Sabzevar, iran

Lecturer, Abade branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, iran

M.Sc of Geomorphology, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: During the last two decades many efforts have been made to evaluate the quality of the geomorphological heritage in various contexts. One of the tourist attractions in Golestan Province is Ziarat village that attracts many tourists attention geomorphologically. This research investigates geomorphologic potentials as well as the ecologic, aesthetic, cultural, economic and historical criteria of the region by the use of Scientific and Additional values methods that are evaluated quantitatively. The results showed that the Additional value criteria of geomorphosite in Ziarat scored higher than the scientific value indicating the low level of awareness of tourists and relevant authorities of the scientific characteristics of the region.

[A. Ahmadi, M. Esfehani, T. Ahmadi, A. Maghsodi, P. Mikaeili. Geomorphosite assessment of Ziarat village by the use of Scientific and Additional values Methods. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):27-31]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience.org. 4

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.04

Key words: Geomorphosite, Geotourism, Scientific value, Value added, Ziarat village.

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Effect Of Nursing Intervention On Constipation Among Elderly In Zagazig City-Sharkia Governate-Eygpt

Eman Shokry Abd Allah*, Heba Ali Allah Ibrahim* and Howaida Henry Fahmy**

*Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing,

**Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University

Corresponding author: emanshokry 2012@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints among elderly people.Aim: Evaluating nursing intervention effect on constipation among elderly. The study was carried out using a quasi- experimental design.It was conducted in the Geriatric Social Club at Zagazig city. Materials and Methods: A purposive sample consisted of 100 elderly randomly divided into two equal groups; the study control groups (50 in each). Tool for data collection: A structured interview questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, past medical history, dietary habits, elimination habits, knowledge and practice about constipation. A health education intervention program developed based on literature and identified needs was implemented and its effect was evaluated through a posttest. Results: The study findings revealed statistically significant knowledge improvements of elderly in the study group, with decreases in intake of anti-allergic, sedatives, hypnotics, and laxatives. They also had significant improvements in sleep, psychological problems, and exercise practice. They had significant increases in eating regular meals and brown bread, as well as, improvements in elimination habits, and associated complaints. Conclusion: The study concluded that the health education intervention led to improvements in elderly’s knowledge and practices regarding the constipation problem, with subsequent improvements in their complaints and complications. Recommendation: the study recommended that implementation of the developed health education program in similar settings with future research to assess its long-term effects.

[Eman Shokry Abd Allah, Heba Ali Allah Ibrahim and Howaida Henry Fahmy. Effect of Nursing Intervention On Constipation Among Elderly In Zagazig City-Sharkia Governate-Eygpt. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):32-43]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.05

Key words: Constipation; elderly; and nursing intervention.

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Effect of aerobic exercises on leptin serum, and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type II diabetes

Seyed Mahmoud Hejazi¹, Salehe Nournematollahi¹, Mahmoud Soltani¹, Ladan Hosseini Abrishami¹, Haniyeh Iranmanesh²

^1. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

^2. Master of Physical Education, Teacher of Ministry of Education, Payam Noor University, Sirjan

Abstract: Background and Aim: Today, diabetes is the most common disease in developing community’s especially urban areas. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercises on leptin serum, and other factors of cardiovascular risks in patients with type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: The study subjects are consisted of 700 male patients with diabetes type II A. Among these, 31 patients have a history of less than 10 years and their age ranges between 35 to 55 years who are randomly assigned to the experimental group (16 cases) and control group (15 cases). The experimental group was under the effect of 50-minute aerobic exercises with the intensity of 60-70 percent HRRmax, 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Both pre-test and post-test measurements of height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sampling of subjects were performed. In this quasi-experimental test, the Kolmogrov-Smirnov test for proving the normality assumption of data and the T-Test was used to confirm the research hypotheses. Results: The findings showed that the selected aerobic training has an impact on leptin serum, HDL, blood pressure, body fat percentage and VO2max of subjects, (P<0.05) and doesn’t affect total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, BMI and WHR. Conclusions: Regular aerobic exercise effectively controls diabetes and reduces the risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

[Seyed Mahmoud Hejazi, Salehe Nournematollahi, Mahmoud Soltani, Ladan Hosseini Abrishami, Haniyeh Iranmanesh. Effect of aerobic exercises on leptin serum, and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type II diabetes. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):44-50]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience.org. 6

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.06

Keywords: Type II diabetes, Leptin, Cardiovascular risk factors, Aerobic exercises.

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Generation Gap and Fertility Behavior: A Comparative Study of the fertility behavior in Women Born Before and after the Islamic Revolution in IRAN, Ahar City, A Case study

Bahram Esmaeili ¹, Zahra Sadeghi Bogar ², Ahad Askari Dehshibi ³, Mohammad Sharifi Bahloli⁴, Sohrab Sadeghi

1. Department of Teachers Education, University of Farhangian: Rajaee Campus of Shirsz, IRAN, Human Resourses Management Expert / Education organization of Fars province, IRAN.

2. Department of Sociology, Payam Noor University of Khormouj, IRAN, Sociology Expert.

3. Department of Teachers Education, University of Farhangian:Motahari teacher training university of Shiraz, IRAN, Physician Expert.

4. Department of Teachers Education, University of Farhangian:Rajaee Campus of Shirsz, IRAN, English Language Expert.

5. Department of Teachers Education, Farhangian University, Rajaee Teacher Training University of Shiraz, IRAN, Educational Management Expert.

esmaeili_ba@yahoo.com

Abstract: Iran's demographic transition, has been raised a lot of discussion about Iran and about the demographic situation. In this study, the views and attitudes the young generation and past generations (born before and after the Islamic Revolution) in about of topics such as fertility and family size, number of children between birth and the case is investigated. This paper is a survey. The married women 15-49 years old, Ahar (17,232 persons) of the statistical community. As a result of which 300 were selected using cluster sampling. fertility differences in the two-generation reproductive has been analyzed by used methods like compare statistics, the correlation statistic and multiple classification analysis in multiple classes. The findings suggest that, indicators of population is significantly different between the two generations. Multiple classification states, education, proportion of family, marriage and employment generation have been given the increasing role of the income has fallen into a variable with respect to revenue generation and fertility behavior will be weaker. The convergence of fertility in different regions, has been approached from different perspectives and ideas generation. This convergence has been reinforcing the changes in the family, loss and change in kinship systems and marriage of style.

[Esmaeili. B, Sadeghi Bogar, Z, Askari Dehshibi, A, Sharifi Bahloli, M, Sadeghi, S. Generation Gap and Fertility Behavior: A Comparative Study of the fertility behavior in Women Born Before and after the Islamic Revolution in IRAN, Ahar City, A Case study. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):51-57]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.07

Keywords: generation gap, female fertility, case study.

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Investigation of the causes of low leachability and examination of the solutions to increase leachibility of Mehdi-Abad nonsulfide zinc ore

Mohammad Mehdi salarirad¹, Saiwan Mohammadi²

^1. Assistant professor, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology; Iran. salari@aut.ac.ir

^2. Msc in Mineral processing, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology; Iran. saiwan.mohammadi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Extensive mineralogical and metallurgical tests were carried out in order to understand the reasons for low leachability of Mehdi-Abad nonsulfide zinc ore. The characterization study revealed the presence of smithsonite and hemimorphite as the main zinc bearing minerals. Zinc was also detected in iron (oxi) hydroxide minerals, which led to low zinc recovery. The results of agitation leaching tests indicated that approximately 75% of zinc could be dissolved. To find out an effective solution for increasing the dissolution of zinc, a flowsheet was proposed comprising a magnetic separation step to produce a magnetic and a non-magnetic product. Hot and mild acid leaching were carried out on magnetic and non-magnetic fractions, respectively. The result showed the dissolution of zinc was increased by 8.3% and reached to 83.35%.

[Mohammad Mehdi salarirad, Saiwan Mohammadi. Investigation of the causes of low leachability and examination of the solutions to increase leachibility of Mehdi-Abad nonsulfide zinc ore. J Am Sci 2013;9(5):58-62]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.08

Keyword: nonsulfide zinc, leaching, characterization study, Mehdi-Abad.

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Combining Appropriate Soil Behavior Models for simulating Taham Rockfill Dam 

Mohammadkeya Khosravi¹, Dr. Mohammad Hadi Davoudi², Akbar Pashazadeh³

¹ Lecturer of Islamic Azad university-Tehran Jonoub Branch, Tehran, Iran

² Associated Professors, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Iran

³ Young Researchers Club, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

* kh.mkia@gmail.com

Abstract: Studies over determining the behavior and modeling the rock fill dams have always been of great importance, because the built dam shows a 1:1 physical model of the real behavior of a dam and evaluating the behavior of such dams in of prior importance for organizing the principles of designing and introducing new experiences. In this paper the instrumentation system for monitoring of Taham dam is thoroughly examined, which includes: pressure cells and electric piezometers in the critical section of the dam. The recorded results of instrumentation and monitoring system of the dam are as well evaluated. Based on the dominant facts over the project and by applying the technical features of the design and engineering interpretations, technical judgments and filtration is done over fine and possibly damaged (of no right function) instruments. Then based on mechanical parameters of the materials (according to the report of the design stage) and using Geo-Studio software the behavior of the dam is modeled. Numerical analyses are done by using three behavioral models: linear-elastic model, cam-clay model (combined with linear elastic model) and elastic-plastic model in two loading modes of: 1-whole loading process and 2-step-loading process. The body of the dam is considered in two forms of homogeneous and inhomogeneous. In the second mode (inhomogeneous) the geometry of changes of material properties inside the core is supposed vertically. But the geometrical changes in the material properties inside the shoulders supposed in two different alternatives: the first one has the vertical direction of the layers (of filling) and the second one forms right angle with the direction of the stress counters. Comparing the results of the all models with observation data (summaries of instrumentations) shows that the use of elastic-plastic behavioral model, is known to be as the best alternative, if done step-loading and considered as inhomogeneous material in a way that: the changes of material properties inside the core reapplied in the vertical direction and the direction of changed materialism shoulders should form a right angle with the direction of the stress counters.

[Khosravi Mk, Davoudi MH and Pashazadeh A. Combining Appropriate Soil Behavior Models for simulating Taham Rockfill Dam. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):63-70]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 9

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.09

Keywords: rock-fill dams, monitoring, numerical modeling.

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Studying the Status of Joy in the Content of Primary School Curriculum

Alireza Araghieh (Ph.D), Amir Hossein Mehdizadeh, (Ph.D), Zeynab Rostamkhani (M.A Student)

Department of educational administration, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran

Araghieh@iiau.ac

Abstract: Current research, studies the status of joy in the content of primary school curriculum. Statistic society includes all elementary school textbooks, 21 of which were selected as statistic samples using objective sampling method. Research questions investigate the status of joy in the content, figures and questions of the textbooks. To find the answers, content analysis method was used. Results of the study showed the status of issues such as religious values that were more signified and self-esteem was less.

[Araghieh A., Mehdizadeh AH., Rostamkhani Z. 2013. Studying the Status of Joy in the Content of Primary School Curriculum. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):71-73]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 10

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.10

Keywords: Joy, Curriculum, Primary School, Content, Figures, Questions

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Influence of educating life skills on reduction of behavior problems and psychological health stage

Ayub Ghasemian¹, Shahram Vaziri², Davoud Taghvaei³

Department of Psychology, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran^1&2

Department of Psychology, Roud-e-Hen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roud-e-Hen, Iran³

Abstract: Life skills consist of abilities that prepare the way of compatibility and positive behavior. These abilities make one accept social role of responsibilities and without damaging himself or others, confronting efficiently with demands, needs and daily problems especially in intra-person relations. The aim of current research is to study the effects of educating life skills on reduction of behavioral problems and improving student's psychiatric health stage. Because of this between the students of high school, 40 students were selected in cluster method of different stages and divided in two groups of twenty-student of experiments and witness. 8 main educating life skills subjects are gaining from guiding life skills educational plans of UNICEF organization, during 8 sections each section two hours are taught to test group. At first experiments and at last the research is tested by SCL-90R evaluated by the test. The results indicate that scores after experimenting test group in each of student's heath stage is different with control group meaningfully. It seems that with educational interruptions and compiling life skills educational courses affect positively on reducing student's behavioral problems.

[Ayub Ghasemian, Shahram Vaziri, Davoud Taghvaei. Influence of educating life skills on reduction of behavior problems and psychological health stage. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):74-79]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 11

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.11

Keywords: Life Skills, behavioral challenges and mental health.

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A Study of South Korea’s Rural Development Program (Saemaul Undong)

Hung-Tae, Yoo¹, Hosein Massud Niya², Hosein Harsij³

¹PH.D Student of Politics, University of Isfahan, Iran, allnationsyoo@gmail.com

²Assistant Professor, Department of Politics, University of Isfahan, Iran

³Associate Professor, Department of Politics, University of Isfahan, Iran

Abstract: Traditionally, Iran has been an agricultural country. Agriculture was the most important industry in the Old Iranian society and is one of the most important industries in modern Iran. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Shah tried to develop the rural area based on the White Revolution. At the same time, South Korea as a traditional agriculture country realized that it should be needed to develop the rural area in order to move to the developed country. So they made rural development program called Saemaul Undong. This program is top-down movement based on President Park’s sustained and active support and efficient collaboration with various related ministries. However, it would not succeed if there were not voluntary willingness that farmer want to reform and develop rural areas. The voluntarily participating farmers with Saemaul leaders who were chosen by themselves made this outcome using the education and support of the government. They obtained self-reliance getting through the poor and difficult environment and the government was able to keep pace the rural development with national industrialization. This program is a good case study for Iran.

[Hung-Tae, Yoo, Hosein Massud Niya, Hosein Harsij. A Study of South Korea’s Rural Development Program (Saemaul Undong). J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):80-85]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 12

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.12

Keywords: rural development, agriculture, Saemaul Undong, social transformation.

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Personality Attributes and Attachment Style versus Risky Behavior

Sepideh Shirzad¹. Hossein Sheikhy Sary²

MA in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Campus, Tehran, Iran¹

MA in Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran. ²Email: dr.sheikhy@yahoo.com

Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine risky behavior in university students versus personality attributes and attachment styles. This research was a correlation study. Statistical population included all students in Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Campus. The selection of the study subjects was through simple random sampling. The sample size was 200. Data collection tools included NEO (Neuroticism Extraversion Openness to experience) Personality Inventory, Cloninger Risky Behavior Questionnaire 2009, and Attachment Style Questionnaire. This study used Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multivariate Regression to test study hypotheses. The study findings showed that risky behavior in university students had significant relation with attachment styles (p=0.01). Risky behavior in university students had significant negative relation with secure attachment style and significant positive relation with avoidance and bipolar attachment styles at 99 percent level of confidence. Similarly, risky behavior in university students had significant negative relation with extroversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agreeableness personality attributes, but significant positive relation with neuroticism, both at 99 percent level of confidence. Regression analysis showed that personality attributes and attachment styles can predict 0.581 of risky behavior variance. Regression coefficient comparison showed that openness to experience has the highest contribution (Beta= -0.415) in predicting risky behavior in university students. As risky behavior has positive relations with avoidance and bipolar attachment styles and neuroticism personality attribute, we can conclude that the higher the level of avoidance, bipolar, and neuroticism, the higher the risky behavior and vise versa.

[Sepideh Shirzad. Hossein Sheikhy Sary. Personality Attributes and Attachment Style versus Risky Behavior. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):86-91]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 13

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.13

Keywords: Personality, Attachment Styles, Risky Behaviors

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Relationship between staff job satisfaction and profitability in Iranian private banks

Ghadiri Moghadam Abolfazl¹, Molaei Farsangi Samaneh²*, Ghafarian Khaleghdad Alemeh ³and Kokabi Saghi Somaye⁴

^1,2,3 Department of Accounting, Mahshad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

⁴ Department of Managment, Mahshad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

*Corresponding Author: Molaei Farsangi Samaneh

Abstract: In response to the pressures of globalization and rapidly changing, highly competitive and volatile markets, many organizations are compelled to search for ways to cope and gain competitive advantage and service quality add value. This is not possible except that due to other system components, such as staff and customers. This study investigated the relationship between job satisfaction and the profitability of private banks in Iran. Research methods was descriptive correlational which was conducted as field study. Sampling was done randomly. Sample size was 285 branches of private banks in iran.Data were collected through 3 Job satisfaction, customer satisfaction and service quality questionnaires. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (r= 0.545) between job satisfaction and service quality, As well as between service quality and customer satisfaction (r=0.729). the result also showed there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and customer satisfaction (r=0.565), customer satisfaction and profitability(r=0.407) as well as between the profitability and Job satisfaction(r=0.397). Significance level was set at 0.05.

[Ghadiri Moghadam Abolfazl, Molaei Farsangi Samaneh, Ghafarian Khaleghdad Alemeh and Kokabi Saghi Somaye. Relationship between staff job satisfaction and profitability in Iranian private banks. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):92-98]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 14

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.14

Keywords: job satisfaction, service quality, customer satisfaction, profitability.

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Spiritual Intelligence versus General Health in Handicaps

Anahita Nematzadeh

MA in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Campus, Iran

Email: Anahita.Nematzadeh@yahoo.com

Abstract: The objective of this research was to examine spiritual intelligence versus general health in handicaps supported by Tehran State Welfare Organization. The statistical population of this study included all supported handicaps staying in Bonyad Shahid care centers or at their home. The study sample consisted of 200 subjects selected randomly from handicaps supported by Handicaps Foundation. Data collection tools were Religious Attitude Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire. This study used Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis for data analysis. Findings of this study showed that handicaps’ spiritual intelligence has significant negative relation with anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression attributes of general health. No significant relation was observed between spiritual intelligence and somatic symptom attribute of general health.

[Anahita Nematzadeh. Spiritual Intelligence versus General Health in Handicaps. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):99-104]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 15

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.15

Keywords: Spiritual Intelligence, General Health, Anxiety-Insomnia, Social Dysfunction, Depression, Somatic Symptom, Handicaps.

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Sassanid fire temple Discovered in Ardašīr Khore, Pars

Milad Vandaee¹, Roya Tajbakhsh² and Gholam reza Maghsoudi³

1- Young Researchers & Elites Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

2- Department of Archaeology, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

3- Department of art and architecture, Rudehen branch,Islamic azad Univercity Rudehen, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: In modern studies and in the process of archeological investigations, various objectives are considered; including, in regard with the study of constructions, sometime problems such as styles, architectural characteristics, economic conditions, the power of ruling government, the rate of interests and tendencies of people toward religion, etc, could be understood much better. The Sassanids dynasty is among the historical periods of Iran, when attention to Zoroastrian religion and sensitivity to religious matters and events were considered the most important affairs of the kings and the study of the history of this period partly reveals the reasons for the religious attitudes of the kings. Accordingly, the writer of this article titled:” Archeological study and dispersion analysis of Chahar taq es in Sassanids era in the west and southwest of Fars province” has investigated it in three chapters of archeological studies in the winter 2011, and spring and summer of 2012 In this study, the writer manages to recognize 18 Chahar taq es between the cities of Baladeh, Farashband and Firoozabad. A present article seeks to study the chronological succession of one of the most tacit and outstanding Chahar taq es in this region, that is, Rohini Chahar taq.

[Milad Vandaee, Roya Tajbakhsh and Gholam reza Maghsoudi. Sassanid fire temple Discovered in Ardašīr Khore, Pars. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):105-114]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 16

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.16

Keywords: Chahar taq , Atashkadeh(Fire-Temple), Farashband, Zoroastrian Religion, Sassanids.

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Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin B1 on Duodenum Tissue

Neda Aboutalebi

Department of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Urmia, Iran

Email: nedaaboutalebi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites produced by specific strains of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The main goal of this investigation was studying the toxic effect of aflatoxin B1 on duodenum tissue which has a critical role in digestion and absorption of foods. Histopathologial examinations revealed that aflatoxin has less toxic effects on duodenum tissue at lower dosages; however with increasing the aflatoxin concentration severe degenerative alterations in intestinal villi were observed which demonstrated that hyperplasia was occurred in villi and mucosa. Villi lengths were shorter in treatment groups compared to control which reveal that aflatoxin decreases the surface area in villi for nutrition’s absorption and therefore causes dyspepsia. At the end it can be concluded that aflatoxin has severe toxic effects on different parts of intestinal tract and must be considered as one of the important toxins in food industries.

[Neda Aboutalebi. Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin B1 on Duodenum Tissue. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):115-117]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 17

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.17

Key words: Aflatoxin, duodenum, Lieberkuhn̕ s glands, Goblet cells

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Improving education through online Learning

Amirhossein Pirmoradi

Former Graduate Student (M. S), science and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: amirhosseinpirmoradi@yahoo.com

Abstract: In its original form, teachers using distance education traveled to remote sites and taught a class, or corresponded with students through mail, telephone, or fax machine. Individualized study has been a method of reaching the remote student for some time. Detailed course instructions are sent to the learner who performs the assigned tasks and returns the completed work to the teacher for evaluation and reassignment if necessary. rural women take different responsibility and roles such as producers of crops , ranching and keeping poultry , children education , housekeeping , supervising family economy and managing it , collecting firewood , weaving carpet , so illiterate women who haven’t possibility to utilize mass media properly too , wouldn’t able to do their duties and roles and also wouldn’t be affective to develop rural societies . So importance of education is very critical for rural women especially extensional educations. Approximately in most UN reports, women has been considered as greatest deprived group at human societies, while at global level, about two third of all affairs is done by women. But only one third of all recorded affairs relates to women. And also just 1% of proceeds of estates and assets of world belong to women and two third of illiterates of world are women, however they form 50% of workforce at agriculture part and they produce half of foods at all over the world.

[Amirhossein Pirmoradi. Improving education through online Learning. J Am Sci 2013:9(3s): 118-122]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 18

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.18

Keywords: education, online Learning

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Convergence and divergence roots of Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia on Caspian Sea

¹Ahmad Mir, ²Gholamali Cheginizadeh

1- Department of Political Science, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

2- Assistant of International Relations Group, Allameh Tabatabayi University, Tehran, Iran.

Mirahmad620@yahoo.com

Abstract: Since the geo-political and geo-strategic of Iran and Russia countries became fundamental change later the Cold-War and collapse of the Soviet and Republic newly emerged from the Soviet collapse, border changes, increasing the number of actors in the Caspian region and also presence and influence trans-regional powers in the newly independent states have implications followed for Iran and Russia, On the one side, there was not history Soviet threat from the north the Iranian border and on the other emergence these newly emerged Republics and a retaining between Iran and Russia, which involved numerous economic and political problems and did not have necessary consistency and was in conflict with Iran's national security with regard Russia's role in the region led to this country is very important for Iran and Iran has tried up to view realistic look to Russia as a regional power. Therefore, cooperation between Iran and Russia expanded at different levels of bilateral, regional and international. Therefore, in this research investigated at the regional level in term of settlement of regional crises, energy and resource utilization and deal with foreign powers sphere that have common goals resources and at the international level that both countries have announced their dissatisfaction with the unipolar system and unilaterally policies of America.

[Ahmad Mir, Gholamali Cheginizadeh. Convergence and divergence roots of Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia on Caspian Sea. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):123-126]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 19

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.19

Keywords: Convergence - Iran - Russia - Caspian Sea

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Effectiveness Attributes of School Administrators in Tehran Public Middle Schools

Elaheh Salimi ¹, Dr. Abulfazl Bakhtiari ², Dr. Ali Ahmadalizadeh ²

^1. Ma Management and the Teacher of Tehran Education, Tehran, Iran

^2. Researcher of Research and Educational Planning Organization, Tehran, Iran

dr.alizadeh@yahoo.com

Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness attributes of school administrators in Tehran public middle schools. The methodology used in this study was practical; data collection method was survey, and data analysis was descriptive statistics. Statistical population in this study was male and female school administrators in Tehran public schools. The study sample was determined at 135 based on Krejcie and Morgan table. The study sample was selected from Tehran Educational Districts by multistage cluster sampling. The number of questionnaires distributed was 170 and the number of responses received was 130 with 76% rate of return. The validity and reliability of questionnaire was evaluated by using SPSS and LISREL software. Study hypothesis was evaluated by using descriptive and deductive statistics. The findings of this study showed that: (1) Personality traits have significant relation with school administrators’ effectiveness. Personal relations, enthusiasm for change, and pragmatism were the personal traits with the highest influence on administrators’ effectiveness; (2) Leadership attributes are significantly related to school administrators’ effectiveness. Educational programming, focus on learning, utilizing participation by parents, students, and educational practitioners are among leadership attributes with the highest impact on administrators’ effectiveness; (3) Significant differences were observed between views of educational experts, educational scholars, and middle school administrators on the effects of personal and leadership attributes on school administrators’ effectiveness. Middle school administrators expressed the highest belief on the influence of personal and leadership attributes on the effectiveness of school administrators; (4) School administrators believed employee enrichment, flexibility, and objective internalization among leadership attributes that have the highest influence on school administrators’ effectiveness. Similarly, they believed personal stability, occupational commitment, and persistence among personal traits that have the highest influence on school administrators’ effectiveness. whereas, educational scholars considered different traits such as management consistency, group participation, research orientation, innovation, and self-management to have the high influence on the effectiveness of middle school administrators. Demographic characteristics (gender, age, management experience, and educational background) did not have significant relations with personal and leadership attributes. However, educational degree had significant relation with personal and leadership attributes that influence school administrators’ effectiveness.

[Elaheh Salimi, Abulfazl Bakhtiari, Ali Ahmadalizadeh. Effectiveness Attributes of School Administrators in Tehran Public Middle Schools. J Am Sci 2013;9(3s):127-131]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 20

doi:10.7537/marsjas0903s13.20

Keywords: Effectiveness, Educational Management, Personality Traits, Leadership attributes, Middle Schools.

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