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Displacement Analysis of Turbo-generator's raft foundations resting on Friction Piles

A.T. Kassem

Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Egypt

Abdelraouf_kassem@yahoo.com

Abstract: Turbo-generators represent large, axis-rotating mass machines, supported mostly by deep foundations; to control deformations. Turbo-generators foundations are usually designed using both static and dynamic load patterns. Dynamic loads, resulting from un-symmetric masses are usually evaluated using turbine manufacturer catalogues, based on prototype physical models; that mostly consider foundations as a fixed platform. Neglecting foundations vertical and horizontal stiffness, arising from foundation configuration and soil conditions, results in an uneconomic structural design. This paper presents a mathematical model, based on energy principles, and considering foundation stiffness to evaluate turbine raft foundation displacements. An actual turbo-generator foundation has been presented, as a case study. Finally a parametric study, has been performed to figure out effects of foundation geometric and structural parameters on its behavior, when subjected to turbine dynamic loads.

[A.T. Kassem. Displacement Analysis of Turbo-generator's raft foundations resting on Friction Piles. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):1-7]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.01.

Key words: Turbine foundation, dynamic analysis, elastic response.

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Diurnal Changes of Heat Dissipation in Different Types of Chicks (Gallus domestics)

Shoukry., H. M. S., A. A. El-Shafei., M. A. Al-Gamal., and A. A. A. Abdel-Kawy

Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nassr City, Cairo, Egypt.

abdelkawyelghoul@azhar.edu.eg

Abstract: A total of 180 chicks of three breeds of chickens aged 3 weeks had different levels of domestication and production types (Dandarawi, Lohmann selected leghorn (L.S.L) and Cobb⁵⁰⁰ chickens) were used. The results revealed that the main effect of time of day is significant (P≤0.05) in percentages of sensible and latent heat losses. Meanwhile, the main effects of breed and time of the day were significant (P≤0.05) in cloacal and, skin temperatures and respiration rate. The interaction between breed and time of day in total, sensible and latent heat losses were significant (P≤0.05). Different responses of broiler chicks to hot environment compared to the other non-meat type breeds indicated that the type of production is most effective rather than level of domestication on acclimatization mechanisms to hot environment.

[Shoukry., H. M. S., A. A. El-Shafei., M. A. Al-Gamal., and A. A. A. Abdel-Kawy. Diurnal Changes of Heat Dissipation in Different Types of Chicks (Gallus domestics). J Am Sci 2018;14(4):8-15]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.02.

Keywords: Heat Dissipation, Broilers, Dandarawi, Leghorn, Cloacal and temperatures, Respiration Rate

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Use of method of ARDL for Relationship Between underground economy and economic development

Ebrahim Yazdi (corresponding author)1, Seyed Masoud Tabatabaee2

1M.A in Energy Economics, University of Mashhad Ferdowsi
2M.A in in Economic Science, Payame Noor University of Isfahan
mohsen8203934@yahoo.com

Abstract: The underground economy is a part of the economy of all countries, particularly developing countries and has serious repercussion on the economy performance and can cause deviations from correct detecting the state of economy and administrating wrong policies. One of concerns of politicians is determination of size and using of strategy methods for decreasing in size and sectional control. Financial development is one of the effective factor for this part and it causes reduction in credit costs and induce reduction for activity in underground parts. For the investigation of financial development on underground economy, we use Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). In this article, we have used structural equation modelling and multi-index methods. The results show that the ratio of the underground economy volume to gross domestic product were 16.16 percent in 1973 to 2009 and for increasing in monetary development, the underground economy size reduce to 0.21 percent. Also, the results show that the financial development had negative and significant effect on the underground economy on short and long time.
[Ebrahim Yazdi (corresponding author), Seyed Masoud Tabatabaee. Use of method of ARDL for Relationship Between underground economy and economic development. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):16-25]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.03.

Key Word: Underground economy, MIMIC model, ARDL method, Financial Development.

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New Method to Treat the Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy by Oral Propranolol

Chi-Ting Horng ^1,2,4, Chiai-Jung Shen^1,4, Mei Fang ^3,*

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Fooying University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan.

² Departmet of Pharnacy, Taijen University, Pingtung, Taiwan.

³ Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

⁴ contributed equally the work and therefore should be considered equivalent authors

* Corresponding Author：Fang Mei, Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. E-mail: h56041@gamil.com

Abstract: Purpose: This is the first large population study in the word to to evaluate the outcome of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy for 4-month-peroid follow -up. Methods: The patients with CSCR decreased vision and called at our hospital in the past 2 years. All 276 victims were enrolled in our protocol and underwent series of ocular examinations including best-corrected visual acuity, the fundus biomioscropy and series of OCT scanning everyday. At the beginning, each patient took propranolol (10 mg tid to qid per day) and the whole experiment was scheduled for 4 months. If the sub-RPE fluid showed complete resolution and the elevated dome shape on the OCT imaging disappeared, the therapy of this subject had stopped oral pronanlol and it was considered as “successful” treatment. Moreover, we recorded the age, sex, time of comple remission, and the change of vision before and after therapy in each subject. Results: The patients with CSCR were three times high than in men than women. The mean complete remission time was mean 3.5 weeks and the percent of cases with vision recovery was up to almost 95% (262 patients). Furthermore, the mean initial visual acuity of all patients decreased to 0.54 LogMAR, and their mean vision returned to 0.15 Log MAR. Besides, no significant complication was found and no recurrence in the 262 successful patients after further 4 months follow-up. Conclusion: We suggested that oral propranolol may be the first line medication to treat CSCR in the future and this method also showed safe, cheap, efficacy, well tolerated and convenient for patients. Moreover, it shortened the remission time rapidly which is benefit for the patients who worried about the outcome and even became depression.

[Chi-Ting Horng, Chiai-Jung Shen, Mei Fang. New Method to Treat the Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy by Oral Propranolol. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):26-35]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.04.

Keywords： Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR), Propranolol

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Paddy and Wheat Stubble Blazing in Haryana and Punjab States of India: A Menace for Environmental Health.

Jabrinder Singh

Asst. Professor (Environmental Science)

DIT University, Dehradun-248001, India.

Email: drjabrinder.singh@dituniversity.edu.in Phone: 91-9812428464.

Abstract: The paddy and wheat cropping is one of the widespread farming practice in north western parts of India mainly the riverine plains of Haryana and Punjab. These fertile lands are well-known for extensive agricultural fields but equally defamed for burning of paddy and wheat straw and stubbles by peasants after the harvesting season. In India, it is reckoned that 22289 Gg of paddy stubble biomass is generated annually out of this 13915 Gg is set ablazed in the agricultural fields. Haryana and Punjab alone produce 48 percent of the whole straw production which is openly burnt in situ. The blazing of paddy and wheat stubbles causes soil nutrient loss of Organic Carbon: 3.85 million tonnes; Nitrogen: 59,000 tonnes, Phosphorus: 20,000 tonnes and Pottassium: 34,000 tonnes, besides deteriorating the ambient air quality. Burning of farm residue discharges various trace gases like CO_X, CH₄, NO_X, SO_X and huge quantity of particulates matters (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) into the atmosphere which causes ill impacts on human health. The major problems faced by the local people are eye irritation, dryness of eyes and chest congestion. The National Capital Region (NCR) faced a disastrous impact during October, 2016. It also led to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumoconiosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, cataract, corneal opacity and blindness. Due to severe air pollution, Delhi-NCR alone faces approximately 20,000 premature deaths annually. The cases of road accidents also enhance during the period of stubble burning due to poor visibility. It also contributes to haze, global warming and climate change. In India, National Green Tribunal (NGT) prohibited this antediluvian farm practice of straw burning in pollution-wrecked city New Delhi and the adjacent states of Punjab and Haryana. One of the methods to reduce this menace is incorporation of straw into soil which eventually enhances soil fertility. The crop residue material can also be used for compost formation as a traditional approach. Alternate energy resources can also be generated from this agro biomass. Further, in past decades many conversion processes have been developed to produce alternate biofuels under different forms (pellets, briquettes) from crop residues. An integrated crop residue management approach is need of the hour to control this human induced catastrophe.

[Jabrinder Singh. Paddy and Wheat Stubble Blazing in Haryana and Punjab States of India: A Menace for Environmental Health.. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):36-42]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.05.

Key Words: Blazing, Energy, Health, Paddy, Pollutant, Residue, Stubble, Wheat

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The Influence of Cooperative Learning on Academic Performance

¹Davod Eslamian, ²Khadijeh Aref & ³Kobra Aref

Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran

¹davodeslamian@yahoo.com, ²banafsheharef@gmail.com, ³ kobra.aref@yahoo.com

Abstract: Cooperative learning may be an important component for academic success. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of cooperative learning on academic performance of students in a secondary school in social studies class. Two hypotheses were tested in this study. The data supports both of the hypotheses. The findings revealed that cooperative learning strategy is more effective than other learning strategy. According to the findings, posttest scores were significantly higher than pretest scores and lower achieving students found cooperative learning to be more beneficial than higher achieving students. Based on the findings, cooperative learning strategy should be introduced in our secondary schools in Iran.

[Davod Eslamian, Khadijeh Aref & Kobra Aref. The Influence of Cooperative Learning on Academic Performance. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):43-46]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.06.

Keywords: cooperative learning, academic performance, collaboration

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Rectangular geometry antenna modeled on ferrite substrate

Afshin Shaabany, Fatemeh Jamshidi

Department of Electrical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

afshinshy@yahoo.com, Fjamshidi59@yahoo. com

Abstract: In this article, a general artificial neural network examination of a micro strip patch antenna is proposed using rectangular patch geometry modeled on ferrite substrate. The dimensions results, acquired by using ferrite as substrate for rectangular micro strip antenna and neural network models are very good unanimity with the experimental results available in the any printed material. Both deductive logic and examination of rectangular micro strip antenna models based on the artificial neural networks are presented to obtain patch dimensions of rectangular micro strip antennas  as the function of input variables, which are the height of the dielectric substrate (), dielectric fixed value of the dielectric material , and the reverberating frequency ().

[Afshin Shaabany, Fatemeh Jamshidi. Rectangular geometry antenna modeled on ferrite substrate. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):47-50]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.07.

Keywords: Artificial neural networks; Ferrite substrate; Micro strip antenna

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Some ideas on the Mendeleev's table

N.K. Akhmetov

Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay, Almaty, Kazakhstan

е-mail: chinibayeva@mail.ru

Abstract: This paper deals with a new approach in the formation of periods in the Mendeleev’s Periodic Table. Using a newly suggested formula and newly suggested quantum states for the external electron shells of atoms of chemical elements, a reconfiguration of periods in the Mendeleev’s table has been put forward. It is assumed to reduce the number of periods in the table, which is proved by the material represented in the paper. The following order of formation of electron layers is suggested: the principle quantum number (n), followed by the quantum state of electrons (first and second) which constitute the electron configurations of subperiods, and only after that - the remaining quantum orbitals (s, d, f, and p).

[N.K. Akhmetov. Some ideas on the Mendeleev's table. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):51-55]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.08.

Keywords: the periodic table of the Mendeleev, principle quantum numbers, energy levels

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Impact of Noise Pollution on the Hearing Capabilty of Industrial Workers in Lagos State, Southwest, Nigeria

A.S. Ogungbe¹ and W.C Amosu²

^1. Department of Physics, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

^2. Centre for Environment and Science Education, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

ogungbea@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Noise induced hearing loss is a long known occupational hazard. The hearing loss is usually irreversible but preventable. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of noise pollution on the hearing capability of industrial workers in Lagos State, Southwest, Nigeria. The study was carried out in the following industries: West African Gas Pipeline Company (WAPCo), Badagry; Niji-Lukas Engineering and Fabrication Firm, Isheri-Idimu; Beta Glass Company, Agbara; Alimoso Printing Press and Sawmill Factory, Ibereko - Badagry. Out of 105 subjects randomly selected by simple random sampling method, 100 subjects responded, which consist of Noise-exposed and Non-noise exposed, based on their noise exposure level in their work environment. Audiometric examination and noise mapping of the various departments in each industry were conducted. The data were analysed using Microsoft Excel spread sheets and IBM Statistical Package (SPSS) Software (Version 20.0) and the results are presented in percentage tables and multiple bar charts. Subjected inferential statistics for formulated hypotheses were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), with 5% level of significance (P<0.05). The study showed that West African Gas Pipeline workers had a hearing threshold value of 23.68±5.27, which is on a close value with 22.29±4.92 of the control group (Non-noise exposed) and Alimoso Printing Press has 24.6±5.28, while Sawmill Factory workers, Beta Glass Industrial workers and Niji-Lukas Engineering Industry workers suffer mild noise induced hearing loss with 29.79±7.62, 30.18±8.27 and 41.5±6.4 threshold values respectively. The study also showed a poor usage of personal protective equipment by the workers in the industries; 68 % of Sawmill Factory workers, 25 % in Beta Glass Industry, 8 % in WAPCo, 60 % in Printing Press and 25 % of Niji-Lukas workers do not use hearing protective device at all. This prevalence of occupational noise-induced hearing loss among the industrial workers is high due to exposure to high noise level above 85 dBA, poor usage of hearing protective device and a prolonged exposure to noise (10-12 hours per day).

[Ogungbe AS, Amosu WC. Impact of Noise Pollution on the Hearing Capabilty of Industrial Workers in Lagos State, Southwest, Nigeria. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):56-64]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 9. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.09.

Keywords: noise pollution; hearing capability; industrial workers; work environment

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Analysis of morphometric parameters of Wadi Araba Basin in Jordan Using GIS and DEM Model

Al-husban, Yusra¹, Makhamreh, Zeyad²

¹Yusrah Alhusban. Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.y.alhusban@ju.edu.jo

²Makhamreh, Zeyad, Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, the University of Jordan, Amman

Z.Makhamereh@ju.edu.jo @ju.edu.jo  

Abstract: Analysis of the basin surface geomorphometrical characteristics is important for their impact on landscape processes, erosion characteristics and water management. Topographic maps and digital elevation model were used for analyzing of morphometric and landform characteristics of Wadi Araba basin. The analysis allows derivation of the main catchment and sub-catchment. Catchments that take the numbers 1 and 2 are associated with high density dentritic drainage pattern because of high slope and accordingly have high surface runoff. Sub-catchments with the numbers 3,4,5,6, are associated with a low density dentritic drainage pattern due to the flat topography. It is found that, the average stream frequency is 0.2 and the drainage density in study area is 0.79 km/km². The morphmetric analysis was carried out at sub catchment level and different landforms were derived based on visual exposition of 3D digital elevation model with 30 m spatial resolution using GIS hydrological analysis tools. Identification of the landform classes is based on reclassify of slope and relief, and profile index. The main landform types that derived in the study area: valley floor, Qaa, Playa, level hills, escarpment, high mountains,

[Al-husban, Yusra, Makhamreh, Zeyad. Analysis of morphometric parameters of Wadi Araba Basin in Jordan Using GIS and DEM Model. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):64-73]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 10. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.10.

Keywords: morphometry, GIS, Wadi Araba, DEM

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Assessment of the Geotechnical Properties of Termite Reworked Soils

Olowofoyeku, Adeoye Moses Ph.D, letan, Ajumobi Owolabi

Department of Civil Engineering, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria

E- Mail: adeolowoo@yahoo.com

Abstract: The determination of the geotechnical properties of inhabited termitaria (termite mounds) from three different locations in Lagos, Nigeria was carried out. Soil samples were taken at the cores of termitaria and also at 3m of either side of termitaria. Nine bulk representative soil samples depicting three termitaria soils and six adjacent soil samples were collected. Some geotechnical properties such as specific gravity, grain size distribution, consistency limits, linear shrinkage, CBR, and consolidation of the soils were determined. The chemical properties of the termitaria soil as compared to the adjacent surrounding soil was also analysed. The result showed that the geotechnical properties of termitaria are far better than the adjacent or surrounding soils. The activity of termites was identified as the primary cause of these improvements.

[Olowofoyeku, Adeoye Moses, letan, Ajumobi Owolabi. Assessment of the Geotechnical Properties of Termite Reworked Soils. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):75-78]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 11. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.11.

Keywords: Geotechnical properties, Physical properties, Chemical properties, Termitaria Termites

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Integrated Control of Pathogens Associated with Bean Seeds

Ghada A. El Kolaly

Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt

gkolaly@gmail.com

Abstract: The associated fungi of bean seeds were purified and identified as Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus spp., Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Trichoderma viride and Verticillium sp. Four tested fungi (R. solani, M. phaseolina, F. solani, and S. sclerotiorum) were proved to be pathogenic producing different degrees of pre-emergence (PRD), and post-emergence (PTD) damping-off and root rot symptoms on bean cultivars: Contender, Narina, Bolista and Giza-6. The most virulent isolates inducing PRD were F. solani, M. phasiolina and R. solani whereas S. sclerotiorum was the least virulent. Moreover, the highest levels of PTD were obtained with S. sclerotiorum, F. solani, and R. solani, whereas M. phasiolina was the least virulent. Bolista cultivar was the most compatible with PRD and PTD in all tested pathogenic fungi, whereas Giza-6 showed the lowest compatibility. The highest percentage of root-rot infection were obtained in Bolista cultivar with the tested fungi ranged from (70-80 %) and Narina (70-75 %), while the least infection was obtained in Giza-6 (55-60 %). Plant oils (Cinnamon, Clove, Spearmint and Lemon) were tested for their antifungal activities against the four tested pathogenic fungi in vitro and significantly reduced in their radial growth. Spearmint oil exhibited the highest antagonistic effect to the tested fungi followed by Clove and Cinnamon oils, while the least effect was Lemon oil compared with control. Hyphal growth of R. solani and S. sclerotiorum was completely inhibited with 100 % and 75 % conc. with Spearmint oil, while R. solani was completely inhibited by 100 % conc. with Cinnamon oil. In addition, the biological agents Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. koningii and Bacillus subtilis were used in vitro to test their effectiveness against the four tested pathogenic fungi. In vitro experiment showed that all biological agents significantly reduced the linear growth of fungi. T. harzianum showed highly antagonistic effect, the growth reduction ranged from (75.6 to 77.8 %), while B. subtilis was the least, growth reduction ranged from (56.7 to 65.6 %) to the tested pathogenic fungi. Pot experiment In general, The tested treatments were evaluated in a pot experiments and resulted in significant effects on controlling pre- and post-emergence damping-off as well as root-rot diseases of bean caused by R. solani, M. phaseoilina, F. solani, and S. sclerotiorum when compared to the untreated control. In addition, treatment with T. harzianum was superior to the rest of the other treatments in controlling such studied diseases.

[Ghada A. El Kolaly. Integrated Control of Pathogens Associated with Bean Seeds. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):79-87]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 12. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.12.

Key words: bean seeds, PRD, PTD, Pathogen

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Project Portfolio Selection in electrical company based on the Analytic Network Process and Data Envelopment Analysis

Reza Sheikhrabori, Mohsen Akbarpoor Shirazi, Reza Jahanbin

Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Department at Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Telephone: +98-912-537-0458; Emails: sheikhrahbori@gmail.com, re.jahanbin@gmail.com.

Abstract: Selecting the “best” project portfolio out of a given set of investment proposals is a common and often critical management issue. Decision-makers must regularly consider multiple objectives and often have little a priori preference information available to them. In this paper a new approach to prioritize project portfolio in an efficient and reliable way is presented. It is based on strategic objectives of the company and multi criteria decision methods. The method that is proposed here relies on the use of the analytical network process (ANP) and to help integrate managerial evaluations into a more quantitatively based decision tool, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used. In this study, a portfolio selection procedure is presented to construct a desirable facility by using ANP and DEA approaches in two stages. In the first stage ANP model is used, results of this stage are inputs for the second stage. In this stage, DEA is applied to select best portfolio. The proposed method is applied on an electronic company.

[Reza Sheikhrabori, Mohsen Akbarpoor Shirazi, Reza Jahanbin. Project Portfolio Selection in electrical company based on the Analytic Network Process and Data Envelopment Analysis. J Am Sci 2018;14(4):88-97]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 13. doi:10.7537/marsjas140418.13.

Key words: Project portfolio selection, analytical network process, data envelopment analysis, Electrical company decisions

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