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Resveratrol Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling and Vascular Occlusion in Rats

Suzan Bakr Abdu

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

suzanabdu3@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: The increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases has motivated researches for substances that could improve cardiovascular health. Different plant extracts and phytochemicals have been recently screened for cardiovascular safety such as resveratrol. Resveratrol, a polyphenol compound found predominantly in grapes, has been involved in the “French paradox” phenomena described as low incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the French population despite a high intake of saturated fats, in association with moderate red wine consumption. Despite of the numerous researches on the influence of resveratrol on heart health, yet more studies are urgent aiming to discover more wonders. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of resveratrol on cardiac muscle. Methods: Four groups of rats were treated for 3 weeks. Control, DMN, resveratrol, and resveratrol and DMN. Results: Resveratrol treatment evidently prevented the histopathological remodeling changes in cardiac muscle caused by DMN treatment. In other words, resveratrol decreased interstitial collagen deposition in the myocardium, protected against hypoxia, ischemia and necrosis, inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and significantly regulated myocardiac hypertrophy. Resveratrol remarkably attenuated obstruction of blood vessels and enhanced myocardiocytes regeneration. Conclusion: Resveratrol is able to prevent vascular occlusion, cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling indicating a protective power of resveratrol. Resveratrol may prevent the development of heart failure.

[Suzan Bakr Abdu. Resveratrol Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling and Vascular Occlusion in Rats. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):1-7]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.01.

Key word: Blood vessels, cardiomyocytes, apoptosis, cardiac remodeling

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Molecular Characterisation of Lipolytic Fungi Isolated From Meat Products

Ashraf A. Abd El-Tawab¹; Eman M. El-Diasty²; Gamal R. Hassab El-Naby²; Fatma I. El-Hofy¹; Abd El-hady M. Fkhreldeen³

¹Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

² Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza, Egypt

³ M.V.Sc. Cairo University, Egypt

dr_noor_106@yahoo.com

Abstract: This work was carried out to evaluate the fungal quality of luncheon, basterma and minced meat sold in different groceries and supermarkets in Gharbia Governorate under different trade names, as well as to evaluate lipolytic activity of isolated fungi and molecular characterization of some of this lipolytic fungi isolated from meat products. The mean total mould counts were 3X10²±1.2X10², 2.7X10²±3.9X10 and 5.2X10³±1.9X10³cfu/g for luncheon, basterma and minced meat, respectively. In the examined samples, 7 mould genera were identified. The isolated mould species were Aspergillus sp, Alternaria sp, Endomyces sp, Euroteium sp, Penicillium sp, Monascas sp and Geotrichum sp were isolated from the examined samples at varying percentages. Aspergillus was represented by 4 species, A. flavus and A. niger were isolated from examined meat product, while A. ochraceous and A. roseoglobulasus were isolated from basterma only. A total of 55 isolates belonging to 17 species were tested for their ability to produce lipolytic enzyme. Four lipolytic A. niger isolates were subjected to PCR identification, and were sequenced in both directions. Sequences were analysed and aligned by Clustal method using the program of DNA star (Laser-gene, Wisconsin, USA).

[Ashraf A. Abd El-Tawab; Eman M. El-Diasty; Gamal R. Hassab El-Naby; Fatma I. El-Hofy; Abd El-hady M. Fkhreldeen. Molecular Characterisation of Lipolytic Fungi Isolated From Meat Products. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):8-16]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.02.

Key word: A. niger, lipolytic fungi, meat product .

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Pharmacologic vitreolysis of vitreous floaters by 3-month pineapple supplement in Taiwan: A pilot study

Chi-Ting Horng^1,2,4, Fu-An Chen^1,4, Daih-Huang Kuo¹, Li-Chai Chen¹, Shou-Shan Yeh³, and Po-Chuen Shieh^1,*

¹Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC.

² Departmet of Opthalmolgy, Fooying University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC.

³Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.

⁴These authors contributed equally to the paper.

^* Corresponding author: Po-Chuen Shieh Ph.D.; E- mail: h56041@gmail.com

Abstract: Purpose: This survey is the first one in the world to evaluate the pharmacologic effects of pineapples for floaters. In different designs, we followed the results of patients who took various doses of pineapples each day for 3 months. Methods: The studies and sources of crude pineapples were all scheduled between March and June 2016 in Southern Taiwan, including Tainan, Kaohsiung and Ping-Tung Cities. The famous, beneficial and delicious pineapples were supplied by the local farmers selling to the world since 1900. In this study, 388 participants were arranged to undergo a series of ocular examinations during the series of experiments. In experiment 1, 190 subjects were classified into group 1 (one floater) and group 2 (multiple floaters); all participants took 2 pieces of pineapple after lunch every day for 3 months. In experiment 2, the 198 eyes with various vitreous floaters were classified into 3 groups by chance, according to the extent of pineapple intake, including the low pineapple group (LPA), middle pineapple group (MPA) and high pineapple group (HPA). In all the experiments, our staff members cut into one piece of pineapple with 100 g. Regular intake of pineapples is good for health-promotion and even cancer-prevention; however, to prevent higher blood glucose and ensure daily caloric restriction, the reasonable amount of pineapple is 2-3 pieces within healthy persons. In experiment 2, the amounts of oral pineapples in LPA, MPA, and HMP were 1, 2, and 3 pieces after lunch each day, respectively. Results: In experiment 1,100% subjects of one floater (120 eyes) subsides to only 29.2% (35/120) after 3-month-therapy. Besides, 70 participants with multiple floaters decreased to 19 cases (27.1%; 19/70) three months later. In a world, the extract pineapple may enhance floaters disappearance. In experiment 2, groups 1-3, (each group = 66 eyes) were choose randomly to different supplements including the LAP, MAP and HAP intake also for 3 months. It is surprised that from pineapple may increase the rate of disappearance of vitreous opacity. The percentage of decrease of floaters by taking the pineapples was 45.5%, 37.8% and 30.2% and 1, 2, 3 pieces, respectively. It also showed that pineapples for treating the patients with floaters with dose-dependent manner. In addition, the protocols for therapy of the floaters were no special side effects. Furthermore, the mechanisms of dissolving floaters may be to cut and clear the vitreous fibrils and to scavenge the free radicals which could result in hyaluronic acid degradation and vitreous floater formation. Conclusion: We found that taking pineapples should diminish the persistence of floaters, posterior vitreous detachment and even extracellular matrixes which could impact the disturbance of vision and even associated complications.

[Chi-Ting Horng, Fu-An Chen, Daih-Huang Kuo, Li-Chai Chen, Shou-Shan Yeh, and Po-Chuen Shieh. Pharmacologic vitreolysis of vitreous floaters by 3-month pineapple supplement in Taiwan: A pilot study. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):17-30]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org.

3. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.03.

Keywords: pineapple, vitreous floater, bromelain

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Importance of left atrial volume index in the prediction of coronary artery disease in patients with abnormal Dobutamine stress echocardiography

Wafaa S. El-Sherbeny, MD, SuzanB. Elhefnawy, MD, Eman Elsheikh, MD

Cardiovasuclar Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine - Tanta University, Egypt

wfelsherbeny@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: Mortality post-acute myocardial infarction (MI) can be expected by applying Left atrial volume index (LAVI) but the predictive intensity of LAVI dilatation degrees has not been documented in adults with coronary artery disease (CAD). So we aim to evaluate the predictive value of left atrial volume index for Dobutaminestress echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with suspected CAD. Patients and methods: 30 patients complaining of chest pain, suspected CAD were enrolled. LAVI was calculated at rest by biplane area length method and indexed to body surface area Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) was done for all patients for detection of ischemia. and the results were confirmed by coronary angiography which is the gold standard for diagnosis of ischemia. Results: Patients with abnormal LAVI were significantly older, while it was not significantly related to gender. Diabetes and hypertension were the most prevalent risk factors in patients with high LAVI(68.75%, 58.34% respectively) followed by smoking, dyslipidemia and obesity. DSE was positive in 15 patient (93.75%)who have high LAVI., Patients with high LAVI > 28 ml/m²was 16 patients, 15 of them showed positive coronary angiography. Conclusion: LAVI is a very valuable, readily available and practical way of screening for low risk IHD patients, and should be implemented as part of work-up for the diagnosis of IHD.

[Wafaa S. El-Sherbeny, Suzan B. Elhefnawy, Eman Elsheikh. Importance of left atrial volume index in the prediction of coronary artery disease in patients with abnormal Dobutamine stress echocardiography. J Am Sci2019;15(4):31-38]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.04.

Keywords: Left atrial volume index, Ischemic heart disease, Dobutamine stress echocardiography

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5

Molecular Characterisation of Lipolytic Fungi Isolated From Meat Products

¹Ashraf A. Abd El-Tawab; ²Eman M. El-Diasty; ²Gamal R. Hassab El-Naby; ¹Fatma I. El-Hofy; ³Abd El-hady M. Fkhreldeen

¹Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

² Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza, Egypt

³ M.V.Sc. Cairo University, Egypt

dr_noor_106@yahoo.com

Abstract: This work was carried out to evaluate the fungal quality of luncheon, basterma and minced meat sold in different groceries and supermarkets in Gharbia Governorate under different trade names, as well as to evaluate lipolytic activity of isolated fungi and molecular characterization of some of this lipolytic fungi isolated from meat products. The mean total mould counts were 3X10²±1.2X10², 2.7X10²±3.9X10 and 5.2X10³±1.9X10³cfu/g for luncheon, basterma and minced meat, respectively. In the examined samples, 7 mould genera were identified. The isolated mould species were Aspergillus sp, Alternaria sp, Endomyces sp, Euroteium sp, Penicillium sp, Monascas sp and Geotrichum sp were isolated from the examined samples at varying percentages. Aspergillus was represented by 4 species, A. flavus and A. niger were isolated from examined meat product, while A. ochraceous and A. roseoglobulasus were isolated from basterma only. A total of 55 isolates belonging to 17 species were tested for their ability to produce lipolytic enzyme. Four lipolytic A. niger isolates were subjected to PCR identification, and were sequenced in both directions. Sequences were analysed and aligned by Clustal method using the program of DNA star (Laser-gene, Wisconsin, USA).

[Ashraf A. Abd El-Tawab; Eman M. El-Diasty; Gamal R. Hassab El-Naby; Fatma I. El-Hofy; Abd El-hady M. Fkhreldeen. Molecular Characterisation of Lipolytic Fungi Isolated From Meat Products. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):39-47]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.05.

Key word: A. niger, lipolytic fungi, meat product

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Ventricularseptal defect surgical closure using continuous versus interrupted suturing techniques

Samy Amin, M.D, Ihab Elshehi, M.D, Omar Dawoud, M.D and David Zarif Sobhy, M.Sc.

Cardiothoracic Surgery Department Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.

Email: samymamin@yahoo.com

Samyamin@kasralainy.edu.eg

Abstract: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair is the most commonly performed pediatric cardiac operation. Recent reports have indicated a very low incidence of postoperative complications. Some surgeons prefer the running suture technique for VSD closure; others, the use of the interrupted suture. Patients and Methods: This study is an observational retrospective study that was conducted at the Kasr Al Ainy Hospitals (Abul Reesh Specialized Pediatric Hospital), Cairo University. Fifty patients studied were used through medical records in the period from January 2015 to August 2017. Patients were divided into two matching groups: Group A contained 25 patients using continuous suture technique while group B contained 25 patients with interrupted suture technique. Results: Residual shunt was found in 4% of the interrupted group while, it was found in 12% of the continuous group with no significance between two techniques. Nodal rhythm occurred in 4% in the interrupted group and 8% in the continuous group and all of them recovered to sinus rhythm postoperatively. Complete heart block occurred in 4% in the continuous group and needed permanent pacemaker and didn't occur in the interrupted group. Conclusion: Continuous and interrupted suture techniques are equally effective in closure of VSD.

[Samy Amin, Ihab Elshehi, Omar Dawoud and David Zarif Sobhy. Ventricular septal defect surgical closure using continuous versus interrupted suturing techniques. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):48-54]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.06.

Key words: Ventricular septal defect, continuous suture technique, interrupts suturing technique.

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7

Idiopathic palmer fasciitis (Case report)

Dr. Abdulaziz Ibrahim Al-Juraywi

Rheumatology Fellow (Second Year F2) Kingdome of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh – King Saud University (King Khaled University Hospital)

aziz.620@hotmail.com

Abstract: 56 years old female complained of left-hand pain and swelling for 1 month. on examination there were tenderness and swelling over the palm and the planter area with tenderness over 2^nd and 3^rd flexor tendon of the left hand with swelling over the 2^nd and 3^rd MCP joints of the left hand with swelling of the 3^rd digit, dark Color pigmentation over the planter fascia. idiopathicpalmerfasciitis is an uncommon disorder characterized by progressive flexion contractures of both hands, inflammatory fasciitis, fibrosis. although many cases were reported association of malignancy with similar conditions, our patient had not showed any evidence of malignancy over 30 months follow up. hersymptoms were improved and resolved after moderate dose of steroids with tapering dose over 3months. we are reporting 56 years old Saudi women with idiopathic palmer fasciitis successfully treated with administration of corticosteroid with no evidence of malignancies.

[Abdulaziz Ibrahim Al-Juraywi. Idiopathic palmer fasciitis (Case report). J Am Sci 2019;15(4):55-57]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.07.

Keywords: Idiopathic palmer; fasciitis; Case report

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Killer phenomenon in yeast: An Overview

Suzan Nouri Alturki¹, Najla Saud Al- saud^1-2, Ahmad Mahmoud Alhejin^1-3, Reda hussan Amasha¹, Ashgan Mohammed Khalil Almanzlawi¹ and Sabah M. Hassan^1-4.

¹Biology Department, Science College, king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

²Princess Doctor Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Distinguished Research Center for Biotechnology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

³King Fahad Medical Center, P.O. Box 90216, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

⁴Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Email: SNalturki@hotmail.com

Abstract: n challenging for limited resources, microorganisms have improved advanced strategies for winning selective characteristics over their competitors. One of these is the secretion of toxic compounds that findings in killing or growth stopping of other microorganisms. The initial discovery of killer toxin-secreting strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) in the mid-sixties represents the beginning of intensive research in the yeast virology field. Some yeast strains are secreted killer toxins as the proteins which kill sensitive cells of the same yeast genera. In addition, it could be found more new yeast species have been estimated produce killer toxins versus the pathogenic yeasts, especially Candida albicans. The killer phenomenon is widespread between yeasts, therefore, Cryptococcus, Debaryomyces, Hanseniaspora, Hansenula, Kluyveromyces, Metschnikowia, Pichia, Ustilago, Torulopsis, Williopsis, and Zygosaccharomyces have been toxin-production and killer sensitive yeast. Some secretion killer toxins from many yeasts have been purified and described; and also the genes encoding the killer toxins have been cloned and described. Many various components of the in the sensitive cells for the killer toxin action have been identified. In addition, killer yeasts, killer toxins, and killer viruses have taken more attention to their possible applications in biomedicine and gene technology. The importance of yeast killer toxins and have been involved in various areas implicated food fermentations/yeast-based bakery product. Yeastskiller toxins may have potential applications as bio-preservatives, bio-control particularly.

[Suzan Nouri Alturki, Najla Saud Al- saud, Ahmad Mahmoud Alhejin, Reda hussan Amasha, Ashgan Mohammed Khalil Almanzlawi and Sabah M. Hassan. Killer phenomenon in yeast: An Overview. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):58-66]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.08.

Keywords: Killer toxins, killer yeasts, viruses, yeast cell-virus interaction and yeast killer phenomenon applications

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Analyzing Egypt’s Debt Sustainability Using SimSIP Debt: The Debt Projection Module

Dr. Amira T. Eltayb

Lecturer of Economics, Faculty of Commerce, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Amira_Eltayb@yahoo.com

Abstract: Debt sustainability is a critical factor and a key consideration for decision making with respect to all public projects and economic policies. In this econometric study, we use the debt projection module of SimSIP (Simulations for social Indicators and poverty). Debt to simulate the evolution of Egypt’s public debt over a 15-year horizon (from the fiscal year 2016 to the fiscal year 2031) by using dynamic analyses of the variables under three different macroeconomic scenarios and two different financing scenarios of an ambitious government-Ied investment strategy. The study results show that the debt is not sustainable. According to the results of the optimistic macroeconomic scenario, Egypt's achievement of financial sustainability in the medium-term depends on increasing its economic growth rate to at least 10% and improving its balance of payments situation by increasing the growth rate of exports and reducing imports, in addition to reducing the deficit of the State budget through a contractionary fiscal policy, and targeting the appreciation of local currency; besides the reduction of the inflation rate to no more than 3%.

[Amira T. Eltayb. Analyzing Egypt’s Debt Sustainability Using SimSIP Debt: The Debt Projection Module. J Am Sci2019;15(4):67-82]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online).http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 9. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.09.

Key words: Debt Sustainability, SimSIP Debt, Egypt, The Debt Projection Module, SAM (Social Accounting Matrix)

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Estimation of the Potential Inflationary Impact of Energy Carriers Subsidy Removal on Different Economic Sectors (Case Study: Kurdistan Province)

Mohammad Ali Moradi¹, Abedin Ghasemi²

^1.Faculty Member, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran

ir125@yahoo.com

^2.Lecturer, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran

Abstract: This paper is an applied research in terms of objective and a library research on the basis of processing statistical data and theories in terms of type. So the analysis is undertaken based on books, papers, statistics, and reports published in this regard, through using global information network (internet), etc., and national input- output table and statistics related to Kurdistan regional accounts (published by planning deputy of the governor general for different years). The statistical universe is comprised of statistics and information related to all different economic activities and sectors of Kurdistan Province in 2008 classified based on "international standard industrial classification of all economic activates" (ISIC). So this paper has used the last version published as ISIC Rev. 3 in 1993 which is also applied by Central Bank and Statistical Center of Iran. The main goal of this paper is to present inflationary impact of increase in the price of energy carriers on export sector, private consumption, capital formation, and government consumption in Kurdistan Province and industries dependent upon these energy carriers as well.

[Mohammad Ali Moradi, Abedin Ghasem. Estimation of the Potential Inflationary Impact of Energy Carriers Subsidy Removal on Different Economic Sectors (Case Study: Kurdistan Province). J Am Sci 2019;15(4):83-96]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 10. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.10.

Keywords: subsidy, inflationary impacts, energy carriers

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Mitigation Potential of Carbon Sequestration through Forestry Activities: An Overview

Nasir Rashid Wani

Faculty of Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar (J & K) India

nasirwani2012@gmail.com

Abstract: This article explores the potential of forestry practices to mitigate climate change. Emission of greenhouse gases has become a matter of great concern because of the future projection of the global warming and related effects on biological life. Forests not only sustain its own carbon but also have the potential to absorb carbon from the atmosphere. Forest covers more than 4 billion hectares of the earth’s land surface area and contains huge reservoirs of carbon in their biomass and soils. Understanding the role of forests in carbon cycles and predicting whether they will be carbon sinks or sources in the future are important in the ongoing international dialogue on climate change. Long term storage of carbon on land provides a solution by which humans can modify the dynamics of the carbon cycle. Methods include reducing land disturbance, reforestation, afforestation, altered forest management practices, altered land use patterns and consumption and fossil fuel substitution. Mitigation options by the forestry sector include extending carbon retention in harvested wood products, product substitution and producing biomass for bioenergy. Aggressive adoption of these forest management options are necessary to prevent forests from becoming a significant net source of CO₂ to the atmosphere in the future and contributing to climate change. There is a need to improve forest management and its economic implications with respect to improving carbon sequestration.

[Nasir Rashid Wani. Mitigation Potential of Carbon Sequestration through Forestry Activities: An Overview. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):97-101]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 11. doi:10.7537/marsjas150419.11.

Key Words: Carbon Sequestration; Climate Change Mitigation; Forests

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