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Clinicopathological significance of cell proliferation marker (MCM3) in malignant salivary gland tumors

Samar Soliman ^1*, Mahmoud El sherbeny ², Heba Sheta ³, Nadia Lotfy⁴

^1* Teaching Assistant of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.

² Lecturer of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.

³ Lecturer of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.

⁴ Professor of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.

e-mail: mailto:dr.samarsoliman@yahoo.com

Abstract: Aims: Assessment of the immunohistochemical expression of MCM3 in 54 cases of salivary gland carcinomas to elucidate the possible correlations between its expression and the different clinicopathological variables. Study design: Retrospective study. Place and duration: Oncology Center Mansoura University (OCMU) and pathology laboratory at OCMU, Egypt, February 2019 to June 2021. Methodology: Fifty four formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of salivary gland carcinomas (5 low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) cases, 19 high grade MEC cases, 15 adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) cases, 10 carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma(CXPA) cases and 5 acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) cases) were examined for MCM3 immunohistochemical expression. The immunoreactivity of MCM3 was evaluated by Computer Assisted digital image analysis (Digital morphometric study). Correlations between the marker᾽s expression and different clinicopathological variables were investigated using Chi-square (χ2), one way ANOVA test, post hoc tukey test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient test. The P‐value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: MCM3 expression revealed statistically significant difference among the different tumors (p≤ 0.05). On the other hand, significant positive correlation was found between MCM3 expression and MEC grades. Also, the correlation between MCM3 and TNM stages of high grade MEC cases, AdCC cases and CXPA cases was significantly positive but it was statistically non-significant between MCM3 expression and TNM stages of low grade MEC cases and ACC cases. Conclusion: The biological behavior of malignant salivary gland tumors can be predicated from the level of MCM3.

[Samar Soliman, Mahmoud El sherbeny, Heba Sheta, Nadia Lotfy Clinicopathological significance of cell proliferation marker (MCM3) in malignant salivary gland tumors. J Am Sci 2021;17(9):1-10] ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.01.

Keywords: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, acinic cell carcinoma, MCM3, immunohistochemistry

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Viral Status of Infants of Hepatitis C virus Seropositive Pregnant Mothers

Manal Anwar El-Hawary¹,  Remon Magdy Youssef¹, Shahira Morsi El-Shafie²,  Sahar Mohamed El-Baradie³,  Asmaa Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy¹.

¹ Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

² Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

³ Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

Email: arm03@fayoum.edu.eg, asmaa_fawzi87@yahoo.com

Abstract: background: Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection nowadays. HCV is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Children acquire the disease mainly via vertical transmission route. Aim of the study: was to evaluate the viral status in infants of HCV seropositive pregnant mothers and to determine the factors contributing for HCV acquisition and suspected risk factors for vertical HCV transmission. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 1000 pregnant women who came for delivery at the Obstetric and Gynecological department, Fayoum University Hospital. Structured questionnaire were used to obtain medical required data. They were tested for hepatitis marker (HCV antibody & HBsAg). Infants of HCV infected women were tested for HCV RNA using real time PCR test at age ranged from 2-18 months. Twenty one infants of them were tested for HCV antibody. Results: The prevalence of HCV antibody among pregnant women is 4.4%, 81.8 % of them had positive HCV RNA by PCR. Only 15 (1.5%) of participated women were found to be HBsAg positive. Risk factors for HCV infection are old age, rural residence, circumcision, previous dental procedure, previous CS and husband and or other family member with HCV. All infants of HCV infected women had normal liver enzymes, at time of sampling. All 28 infants tested negative for HCV RNA by PCR. HCV antibody done for 21infants was negative. Conclusions: the prevalence of HCV antibody among pregnant women was 4.4%.  All infant tested negative for HCV RNA. Vertical transmission of HCV is not established as route of infection in our study.

[Manal Anwar El-Hawary,  Remon Magdy Youssef, Shahira Morsi El-Shafie,  Sahar Mohamed El-Baradie,  Asmaa Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy. Viral Status of Infants of Hepatitis C virus Seropositive Pregnant Mothers. J Am Sci 2021;17(9):11-23] ISSN 15451003 (print); ISSN 23757264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.02.

Key words: Hepatitis C virus, pregnancy, vertical transmission, HCV RNA, Infant

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Effect of Empathy, Emotional Intelligence on Interpersonal Communication

Dr. Manoranjan Tripathy (Assistant Professor)

Department of Psychology, Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya Gayatrikunj, Shantikunj, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India manoranjanonly@gmail.com

Abstract: At the time of transition from early adolescence to late adolescence, individuals produce changes in the term of social and emotional within themselves. The aim of this research was to determine whether there was an effect between Empathy, Emotional Intelligence on Interpersonal Communication among the students of Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya. The participants in this research were 101 students of Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regressions. Then, simultaneously empathy and emotional intelligence had a significant correlation with interpersonal communication. Empathy is an important communication skill that has been proven to affect individual emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication.

[Manoranjan Tripathy. Effect of Empathy, Emotional Intelligence on Interpersonal Communication. J Am Sci 2021;17(9):24-27] ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org 3. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.03.

Keywords: Empathy, Emotional intelligence, Interpersonal communication

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Banana production and export in the light of the water footprintand Virtual water trade

Dr. Yasmen Salah abd El Razek¹, Dr. Fatma Elzahraa Ahmed Gerbil², Dr. Maha Mohamed Eliwa¹

¹Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt

²Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt

Email: drfatmagebril@gmail.com

Abstract: The research aimed to study of the production indicators and the foreign trade of bananas, the estimation of the amount of virtual water in the foreign trade of bananas, and the monetary return of the water unit, the estimation of the amount of the internal and external water footprint and its most important indicators, and the effect of reducing the area Bananas on rationalizing water use and the amount of virtual water. The research reached a number of results, the most important of which are: that the banana area increases by about 1.75 thousand acres annually, it was found that the average amount of virtual water exported during the period study as a result of banana export amounted to about 5.4 million m³, while the average amount of imported virtual water reached about 4.9 million m³. It was also found that the average total water footprint of bananas, which represents their total water consumption, amounted to about 388.2 million m³ and increases by 18.6 million m³ annually. It was also shown through the scenarios presented in the research that the third scenario represented in reducing the banana area by 30% by the use of modern irrigation methods so that the water ration does not exceed 5000 m³. It was also found through the scenarios presented in the research that the third scenario represented in reducing the area of bananas by 30% and using modern irrigation methods so that the water ration does not exceed 5000 m³ according to Ministerial Resolution No. 104 of 2020, is the best scenario where the banana area is reduced by 21, 79 thousand acres compared to 2019, and achieved water savings of about 290 million m³ as a result of reducing the amount of water used in banana production, and the amount of exports decreased by 10.8 thousand tons, which includes the provision of a virtual amount of water exported that amounted to about 6.34 million m³, the deficit in the virtual water balance decreased by 5.2 million m³. As a result of the reduction in exports, the water footprint, this reflected the water consumption of bananas, decreased by 284 million m³.

[Yasmen Salah abd El Razek, Fatma Elzahraa Ahmed Gerbil, Maha Mohamed Eliwa. Banana production and export in the light of the water footprintand Virtual water trade. J Am Sci 2021;17(9):28-35] ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.04.

Key words: Virtual water- water footprint- The Economics of Banana Production

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[J Am Sci 2021;17(9):36-48] ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org  5.

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Mimusops laurifolia leaves ‎extract act as immunomodulator and decrease glycemic levelin obese rats

Ahmed Hussein Fadle-Alla Mohamed

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Banha University, Egypt.

E-mail address:ahmedheseen2008@gmail.com  

Abstract: This study evaluate the antioxidant potential of Mimusops laurifolia the phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as antioxidant activity at different extracts, were prepared as aqueous, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. The results from the different extracts from Mimusops laurifolia reported that the phenolic and flavonoids content was the highest concentration in ethanol followed by ethyl acetate and chloroform, in addition, the aqueous extract was the lowest. Whilst, the antioxidant activity DPPH from Mimusops laurifolia indicated that the scavenging ability of different extracts may be dependent on the highest concentration of phenolic and flavonoid content in different extracts. The biological experimental was focused on characterizing the role of Mimusops laurifolia extract remarkably lipids profile, an antioxidant enzyme, immune-modulator, effective endogenous hypoglycemic shown through cortisol reduction and Glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) reactivity inhibition in obese male rats fed on a high-fat diet (HFD). At the end of the experiment, the obtained results found that improvement the lipids profile and antioxidant enzyme were taken orally/day at level 400mkg body weight /rats from Mimusops laurifolia. Moreover, it could be noticed that HFD supplementation exhibited a significant increase in the levels of serum IgG, IgM, Cortisol as well as the reactivity of G6PD whereas it exhibited a significant decrease in serum IgA level. From the previous results it could be recommended that the supplementation of Mimusops. laurifolia improved the lipid profile and antioxidant enzyme, and also, lowering glycemic and elevated immunoglobulinslevelsin obese rats.

[Ahmed Hussein Fadle-Alla Mohamed Mimusops laurifolia leave s‎extract act as immunomodulator and decreaseglycemic levelin obese rats J Am Sci 2021;17(9):49-59]. ISSN 15451003 (print); ISSN 23757264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.06.

Keywords: Mimusops laurifolia, obesity, lipid profile, Immunoglobulin, cortisol, G6PD, HFD, flavonoids, phenolic, antioxidant activity.

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Designing and Explaining the Supportive Organization Model in the Country's Red Crescent Society, with an Emphasis on Behavioural Factors

Hasan Alvedari 1 , Tahereh Feizi 2 , Amir Hossein Amirkhani  3 , Zeinab Ali Najafi 4

1-. Assistant Professor Faculty of Public Management, Payame Noor University, Iran.

2- . Associate Professor Faculty of Public Management, Payame Noor University, Iran.

3-. -Assistant Professor Faculty of Public Management, Payame Noor University, Iran.

4-Corresponding ; p.h.d student of Public management (organizational behavior course) , Payame Noor University Of Tehran, Iran, Tel: 09112756583 .E -mail : zeinab_alinajafi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Employees are the most valuable asset of any organization. Today's organizations compete over offering welfare programs and the ratio of considering employees in order to attract and maintain human resources. In responding to the wave of competing on human resources, organizations invest on performing and improving welfare programs and supporting employees, and try to provide appropriate welfare facilities and possibilities for their employees as far as possible. Perhaps it was unusual to raise such issues and discuss about welfare and side programs of supporting employees in two previous decades, but now organizations that perform such programs are abundantly observed in the world. These organizations have practically understood that they would profit from investing on welfare improvement and supporting employees, because those employees who feel support are committed and satisfied and have less absences and do not leave the organization easily, and all these factors improve organizational performance to achieve its goals.

[Hasan Alvedari, Tahereh Feizi, Amir Hossein Amirkhani, Zeinab Ali Najafi. Designing and Explaining the Supportive Organization Model in the Country's Red Crescent Society, with an Emphasis on Behavioural Factors. J Am Sci 2021;17(9):60-70]. ISSN 15451003 (print); ISSN 23757264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org  7. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.07.

Keywords: Employee; organization; human resource; welfare; program

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Can Endoscopic Guided Elastography Improve Nodal Staging of Gastrointestinal Malignancies?

Nancy Abdalla Atta¹, Hussein Okasha², Ahmed Ali Goma¹, Samy Zaky³, Essam Ali Hassan¹.

¹Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.

²Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kaser El-Eni Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

³Department of Heoatogastroentrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Naa08@fayoum.edu.eg, Okasha_hussein@hotmail.com, Afifi1968@yahoo.com, SamyZs55@azhar.edu.eg, Essam_tropical@yahoo.com

Abstract: Elastography adds valuable information to EUS by providing a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of tissue stiffness, thus reflecting the malignant or benign nature of the disease. Aim of work: In this study we aimed to assess whether endosonographic elastography is able to improve LN staging in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. Results:  Strain Ratio in our study showed promising results in prediction of malignant LNs, with sensitivity & specificity; 95.5% & 66.7% respectively at cut off level of >2.57. As regards elastography score, there is statistically significant difference with p-value <0.05 between benign and metastatic lymph nodes with high percentage of score 2 among benign group and high percentage of score 3 among malignant patients. In our study we can change plan of management in 36% of our patients. Conclusion: Elastography can provide additional information about the structure and pathology of abdominal LNs. Whereas, the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign LNs cannot be solved for certain, it seems to be an excellent method for targeting different areas of the LN to avoid unnecessary needle passes in EUS-FNA.

[Nancy Abdalla Atta, Hussein Okasha, Ahmed Ali Goma, Samy Zaky, Essam Ali Hassan. Can Endoscopic Guided Elastography Improve Nodal Staging of Gastrointestinal Malignancies? J Am Sci 2021;17(9):71-82]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org  8. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.08.

Key words: Elastography, endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic-ultrasound elastography, lymph node, Gastrointestinal malignancies

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Triangle of oil, foreign policy and international policy

Fereshteh Payam

Department of International Relation, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

fereshtehpayam@gmail.com

Abstract: Formation of international and political processes is influenced by different forces. In other words, any regional and international event comes into existence based on players from different forces. One of the main issues in international policy and regional security in the Middle East is the relation between oil and foreign policy. On the other hand, oil price has influenced the international structure. It indicates that the price of energy is so important for the Middle East countries that can affect the orientation of their approaches to protective policy. The more income the Petroleum Exporting Countries gain thereby, the more self-reliance they feel. While oil revenues serve as one of the main factors in formation of rentier state in realm of home policy, the rise in oil price results in more self-confidence, accountability and activism in the realm of foreign policy. Thus, when the oil price rises, its effects are manifested in the foreign policy of countries. In this way, the countries exporting strategic goods can provide the costs of their activism in regional and international environment. On the other hand, the rise in oil price affects the equation of the global political economy because the revenues from oil sales pave the way to purchase modern tools and to achieve multifunctional technologies. Iran's foreign policy after World War II has reflected such a model. [Payam F. Triangle of oil, foreign policy and international policy. J Am Sci 2021;17(9):83-88]. ISSN 15451003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org  9. doi:10.7537/marsjas170921.09.    

Keywords: Rentier state, oil-based economy, geopolitical conflicts, international structure, global growth, oil price

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