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Forecasting Egyptian Onion Exports to International Markets

El-said El-said Gad Abd-E lRahman, Tahany Saleh Mohamed Bayoumi, Eman Ragab Hassan Soliman

Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

Email: dr_tahany_saleh@yahoo.com

Abstract: The study aimed to predict the future of the export of Egyptian onions to the most important international markets during the period (2021-2025). It relied on data from data published in government agencies as well as the World Trade Map website, and used to predict ARIMA models estimated using the statistical analysis program Minitab. It is a study showing that the most important countries importing Egyptian onions during 2020 are Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation, the Netherlands, Germany, Kuwait, Syria, and the United Arab Emirates. Studying the development of Egyptian onion exports in the first three countries during the period (2001-2020), it was found that there was an annual decline in the amount of exports of onions exported to the Saudi market amounted to 2%, while it was found that there was an annual increase in that amount in the markets of the United Kingdom and the Russian Federation amounted to 19% and 7% each respectively. The annual increase in the value of Egyptian onion exports to the three markets was 8%, 24% and 15% respectively. One of the most important results of forecasting the amount of exports of Egyptian onions to the three markets during the period (2021-2025) reached the maximum amount of 188.81 thousand tons and the minimum amount in the Saudi market reached 125.81 thousand tons, and in the UK market reached the maximum amount of exported Egyptian onions to 76.093 thousand tons and the minimum amount reached 62.08 thousand tons, while in the Russian Federation the maximum amount exported to 75.44 thousand tons and the minimum amount reached 68.53 thousand tons. The study recommends the importance of increasing the local production of Egyptian onions because of its importance in the local market and its competitive advantage in international markets. It also recommends studying the international markets that import Egyptian onions to study the possibility of increasing the quantities exported to them, especially countries where the indicators of competitive efficiency of Egyptian onions have decreased. Interest in studying the demand for Egyptian onions in international markets and opening new markets for it during the coming years. The study recommends the importance of increasing the local production of Egyptian onions because of its importance in the local market and its competitive advantage in international markets. It also recommends studying the international markets that import Egyptian onions to study the possibility of increasing the quantities exported to them, especially countries where the indicators of competitive efficiency of Egyptian onions have decreased. Interest in studying the demand for Egyptian onions in international markets and opening new markets for it during the coming years.

[El-said El-said Gad Abd-El Rahman, Tahany Saleh Mohamed Bayoumi, Eman Ragab Hassan Soliman. Forecasting Egyptian Onion Exports to International Markets. Am Sci 2022;18(3):1-10]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.01.

Keywords: onions, exports, International, forecasting, markets, models

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Circulating Dickkopf-1 and Cranial Ultrasound Correlation in Newborn with Hypoxic- Ischemic Encephalopathy

Abdalmoktader, A.M., Yousef, A.T., Alkassem Algameel, Karam, D.M.

Pediatrics Department- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

drahmed@fayoum.edu.eg, ashraftalaat1@yahoo.com, a_algameel@yahoo.com, dina_adham79@yahoo.com

Abstract: Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is the most devastating brain disorder that leads to cerebral palsy in neonates. Cranial imaging in HIE is crucial and comprises four different types of imaging for accurate diagnosis. Cranial ultrasound is one of the imaging techniques that is commonly used, particularly, in low income countries and can be used without anesthesia. There is no gold standard for the diagnosis of HIE however, in recent years, studies have found a notable link between the increase in serum Dickkopf-1, a potent inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, and deterioration of HIE cases. The detection of Dickkopf-1 in high concentration could be associated with deterioration in brain function and proliferation of cells leading to severe disabilities and death. Therefore, this study aimed at comparing serum Dickkopf-1 in neonates with HIE with control group. As well, to correlate different grades of HIE, serum Dickkopf-1 and cranial ultrasound changes in HIE neonates. A case-control study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Fayoum general hospital, from May 2018 to August 2019. Forty full term neonates of ≥ 37 gestational weeks were assessed regarding serum Dickkopf-1, blood components, resistive index, and cranial ultrasound changes in both HIE neonates and controls. Dickkopf-1 was found positively correlated with poor neurodevelopmental outcome, increased resistive index, and high mortality among HIE neonates. In addition, major cranial ultrasound changes were associated with higher serum levels of Dickkopf-1. This study results recommend the use of Dickkopf-1 as a predictor with ultrasonography for good prognosis and diagnosis of HIE neonates.  

[Abdalmoktader, A.M., Yousef, A.T., Alkassem Algameel, Karam, D.M. Circulating Dickkopf-1 and Cranial Ultrasound Correlation in Newborn with Hypoxic- Ischemic Encephalopathy. Am Sci 2022;18(3):11-22]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.02.

Key words: Cranial ultrasound -Dickkopf-1 -Encephalopathy- Hypoxia ischemia -Neonates-Resistive index

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Review Of Literature On Developmental Profile Of Children With Special Needs In Integrated And Special Schools

¹Sachin Kumar Prabhakar, ²Dr. Alka Kumari and ³Dr. Devendra Kumar

¹Research Scholar, Department of Education, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

²Assistant Professor, Department of Education, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

³Assistant Professor, Department of Education, BIMT College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh (India)

Email: nihul108@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: Education is a powerful instrument of social change, and often initiates upward movement in the social structure. Thereby, helping to bridge the gap between the different sections of society. The educational scene in the country has undergone major change over the years, resulting in better provision of education and better educational practices. In 1944, the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) published a comprehensive report called the Sergeant Report on the post-war educational development of the country. As per the report, provisions for the education of the handicapped2 , were to form an essential part of the national system of education, which was to be administered by the Education Department. According to this report, handicapped children were to be sent to special schools only when the nature and extent of their defects made this necessary. The Kothari Commission (1964–66), the first education commission of independent India, observed: “the education of the handicapped children should be an inseparable part of the education system.” The commission recommended experimentation with integrated programmes in order to bring as many children as possible into these programmes (Alur, 2002).

[Prabhakar, S.K., Kumari, A. and Kumar, D. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON DEVELOPMENTAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN INTEGRATED AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS. J Am Sci 2022;18(3):23-27]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.03.

Keywords: - Childern, Education, Review of Literature

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Natural rubber production and its Import- Export Policy

*Monika Manchanda and **Dr. Naresh Pratap

*Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: manchandamona11@gmail.com

Abstract: Self-sufficiency had been the main focus of development plans in NR sector till the last decade. Though importance of self-sufficiency cannot be reduced, competitiveness and sustainability have to be considered while setting up goals and formulating strategies pertaining to Rubber production in the country. NR consumption in the country in 2030 is projected at around 2.00 million tonne. It is envisaged that the domestic production is able to meet at least 75% of the NR requirement in 2030. In order to attain the projected production, average annual new planting and replanting would be to the tune of at least 8,000 ha and 10,000 ha respectively. Efforts would be made to get all the available mature area under rubber tapped.

[Manchanda, M. and Pratap, N. Natural rubber production and its Import- Export Policy. J Am Sci 2022;18(3):28-31]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.04.

Keywords: Natural Rubber, Status, India, Productivity

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Agricultural Economy of Bhiwani district of the state Haryana (India)

*Suman and ** Dr. Chandra Bhan Singh

**Research Scholar, Department of Geography, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

* Associate Professor, Department of Geography, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: chahal.manmohan@yahoo.in

Abstract: Indian agriculture history is witness of the new agriculture arrangement which took place in India has changed the overall traditional cropping pattern in India as well as in Haryana. There are many agriculture reforms such as land reforms, green revolution, minimum support price, and new economic reforms have adopted in Indian agriculture. All these reforms have directly affected the agriculture sector in overall India. Even these reforms are favourable in terms of productivity and production of all the crops but they have inadequately affected in terms of crop stability. Only a few crops such as rice and wheat are going to more stable but the coarse cereals and pulses are going to highest instable in area and production in Haryana

[Suman and Singh, C.B. Agricultural Economy of Bhiwani district of the state Haryana (India). J Am Sci 2022;18(3):32-37]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.05.

Keywords: Agricultural, Economy, Haryana

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Condonation of delay application not required for filing delayed police charge-sheet before Court: Explained

Jamshed Ansari

Asstt. Public Prosecutor, Directorate of Prosecution, Govt. of NCT of Delhi (India)

Abstract: There is a practice of seeking application for condonation of delay from Investigating Officers for filing police charge-sheet before Courts after the prescribed period of limitation as provided under Section 468 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short “Cr.PC”). The said application is filed by the Investigating Officers/ Station House Officers under Section 473 of Cr.PC to explain the delay in filing police charge-sheet before Courts, citing transfer of the initial Investigating Officer, heavy work load of the cases pending investigation with the Investigating Officers etc. as the reasons for the delay. This paper shall analyze the relevant statutory provisions, Standing Orders and the jurisprudential developments in order to understand as to whether the said practice is in conformity with the law or not.

[Ansari, Jamshed. Condonation of delay application not required for filing delayed police charge-sheet before Court: Explained. J Am Sci 2022;18(3):38-42]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.06.

Keywords: Police challan; charge-sheet; condonation of delay; computation of period of limitation

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Revolution of Contractual Liability and Death of Contracts Claim

Dr. Sharareh Mofidian

Researcher of Institute for International Energy Studies- PH.D Graduate in Private Law, Tehran, Iran

dr.sharareh.mofidian@gmail.com

Abstract: In this article, we consider definition and conception of contractual responsibility then provide an analytical response in relation to replacement the place of contractual liability by tortuous liability. Main question is, whether to achieve justice and to make reasonable rules governing upon liability of manufacturers and foreseeable damage and responsibility, should be passed from contract and mixing to tort rules or in side of this evolution, the traditional structure tortuous liabilities rules are also essential? Enforcement of justice requires minimizing the role of the contract? Contract law tends toward the tort and mixed of boundaries between the responsibilities are evolutionary movements or should be block its? With the creation of new economic conditions resulting from the development industry and the industrial revolution and subsequent of them, labor issues and the imbalance in economic and trading power additional inflation and economic crises, theory of freedom of will and contract lost its sovereignty and was criticized. Writer believes, although all these colorful beliefs and social criticism, yet the rules relating to contracts, is allocated an important part of the civil and commercial law codes to itself. In spite of the extension is found in rules of torts law, the contract also has its proper place.

[Mofidian, Sh. Revolution of contractual liability and death of contracts claim, J Am Sci 2022;18(3):43-49]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.07.

Keywords: contractual liability, revolution of contract law and death of contract

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The Relationship between Social Capital and Criminal Inclination (Case Study of Iranian Youth)

Jamshid Jafarpoor¹, Amir Booyini², Mahmoodreza Rahbargazi ³ , Reza Mahmoodoghli ⁴

^1,2. Department of Law and Rights, University of kharazmi, karaj, Iran

^3,4. Department of Political Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

rahbargazi@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study attempts to explore effects of norms, trust, and social networks on criminal tendencies among youth in Isfahan. Social norms may give criminals a sense of shame, thereby increasing costs for committing crimes. Similarly, social networks can reduce delinquency through increasing likelihood of crime detection. In addition, social trust lowers level of criminal inclination by facilitating and reinforcing social interactions among individuals. The present study aims to examine the links between social capital and criminal inclination among youth in Isfahan. We found a significant relationship between social capital and criminal inclination in youth. Random sampling was employed to survey 354 young individuals in Isfahan by making use of questionnaires. Hypotheses were tested using SPSS 16. We considered three dimensions (social norms, social trust, and social networks) for social capital and three dimensions (criminal offense, civil offense, and disciplinary offense) for criminal inclination, and found a significant relationship between social capital and criminal inclination.

[Jafarpoor  J, Booyini A, Rahbargazi  M, Mahmoodoghli R. The Relationship between Social Capital and Criminal Inclination (Case Study of Iranian Youth). J Am Sci 2022;18(3):50-57]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.08.

Keywords: Civil Offenses; Criminal Offense; Disciplinary Offense; Social Norms; Social Trust; Social Network

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Using USFQFD (urban space fuzzy quality function deployment: a modified two phase fuzzy QFD with AHP and TOPSIS) to reflect public demands in urban spaces : Case study : Jamshidie Park

Mahdi Kalhor, Farzaneh Sabouri

Department of civil and architecture, Qazvin Islamic Azad University,  Nokhbegan Blvd. Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran, Po box 34185-1416

keloniton@gmail.com

Abstract: Urban spaces have always been one of the most important city parts with different functions.  Public participation in urban space planning and designing, implementation and maintenance has an important role to improve urban space performances. It requires a systematic technique to discover public demands and their reflections in urban spaces. The noted technique should consider different items such as public demands and the importance of each demand, urban space upstream projects, urban space special features like topography, population, culture, history and etc, Planning restrictions like time, capacity and etc. Uncertainty situation about accountability of proposed reflections of public demands in urban spaces should be regarded too. This paper proposes USFQFD which is a modified two phase fuzzy QFD which originally is a method to translate customer demands into industrial productions, with TOPSIS and AHP to discover public demands and to reflect them in urban spaces.  The proposed method is implemented in Jamshidie park which is located in Tehran and 8 reflection methods of public demands are proposed.

[Kalhor M, Sabouri F. Using USFQFD (urban space fuzzy quality function deployment: a modified two phase fuzzy QFD with AHP and TOPSIS) to reflect public demands in urban spaces : Case study: Jamshidie Park. J Am Sci 2022;18(3):58-72]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 9. doi:10.7537/marsjas180322.09.

Keywords: USFQFD; QFD; Urban space; Public demands

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