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Factors Affecting Motivation and Job Satisfaction of Academic Staff

* Dr Tahreem Noor Khan, ** Dr Hanan Khalil Qatawneh

* University/Department: Al Yamamah University, Business department, Female section. Street Address: Al Qassim Highway. City/Area/District: Riyadh- 11512, Country: Saudi Arabia, Postal Code: 45180
** Department: Business Department, University: Al Yamamah University, Town/City: Riyadh, Country: Saudi Arabia, T_Khan@yu.edu.sa

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this research is to develop a theoretical model that aims to motivate and increase job satisfaction of lecturers in academic universities. Design/methodology/approach: The research was qualitative inductive in nature and based on extensive literature review of articles, journals and previous studies about motivation and job satisfaction. The researcher deduced five main critical points to achieve motivation and job satisfaction in academic context. Findings: To improve lecturer motivation and job satisfaction there is a need to apply the following factors; 1) Management Behaviour 2) Colleague’s Behaviour 3) Employee Self- behaviour 4) Environmental factors and 5) System and Work Job Design. As organizational environment varies, the strategies must be crafted to take these variabilities into account. Research limitations/implications: The absence of empirical research is the limitation of this study. The validity and the theoretical soundness of the proposed five critical factors can only be tested by collecting empirical data from real-life cases and testing the propositions of the framework. Practical implications: The proposed Model is essential to increase lecturer motivation and job satisfaction which will positively affect their performance an action. Originality/value: Despite the remarkable contributions of existent research about motivation and job satisfaction, however the concept remains a complex phenomenon that is not fully understood.  The proposed model in this study has included five critical success factors that filled that gap within the literature.

[Tahreem Noor Khan, Hanan Khalil Qatawneh. Factors Affecting Motivation and Job Satisfaction of Academic Staff. J Am Sci 2025;21(5):1-13]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 01 doi:10.7537/marsjas210525.01

Key Words: Motivation; Academic; Education; Job Satisfaction

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Non-Conventional Threats to the Security of Pakistan

Naseeb Ullah Khan Bazai

Corresponding author: naseebullahkhanbazai2017@gmail.com

Abstract: This paper explores the diverse non-conventional threats to Pakistan's security, highlighting internal and external challenges that impact national stability and integrity. Key threats such as extremism, sectarianism, terrorism, climate change, and poor governance are examined. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of these threats, discussing their origins, impacts, and proposing recommendations for effective mitigation and policy intervention to enhance national resilience.

[Naseeb Ullah Khan Bazai. Non-Conventional Threats to the Security of Pakistan. J Am Sci 2025;21(5):14-16]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 02 doi:10.7537/marsjas210525.02

Keywords: Threats to Pakistan; security threats; non-conventional threats

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A Survey On Drug Abuse Among Undergraduate Students Using Warner Randomized Response Technique

Oladimeji O. A, & Oyejide O. T

Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria.

adedipupo.oladimeji@gmail.com.

ABSTRACT: The widespread issue of drug abuse among Nigerian youth, especially those in. The negative social consequences of drug misuse are profound and far-reaching. This study   investigated the effects of drug abuse among undergraduate students at Obafemi Awolowo University in Ile-Ife, Osun State,  Nigeria.  The randomized response approach developed by Warner was used, a Stratified Random Sampling method was employed to gather data on drug abuse among the students. The study utilized well-structured survey questionnaire to collect data from the undergraduates Students based on their gender. The data was analyzed with SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Science .The findings from the study, showed that abuse of drug is relatively high and students primarily take substances for stress relief which call for intervention of mental health support. Also, lack of statistically significant relationship between demographic factors such as gender and year of study with drug abuse suggest that intervention should be broad based rather than targeting specific sub-group.

[Oladimeji O. A, & Oyejide O. T.  A Survey On Drug Abuse Among Undergraduate Students Using Warner Randomized Response Technique. J Am Sci 2025;21(5):17-28]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 03 doi:10.7537/marsjas210525.03

Keywords: Drug abuse; widespread; utilized; targeting; randomized

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There are two books in history. The first is Gauss book and the second is Jiang book

Harvard Student

Doctoral student in Harvard Mathematics Department

Abstract: There are two books in history. The first book is Gauss book < Disquisitions of Arithmetic > published in 1801. Contents are congruent and law of quadratic reciprocity. The second book is Jiang book < Foundations of Santilli isonumber theory with applications to new cryptgrams, Fermat theorem and Goldbach conjecture > Inter.Acad. Press, America-Europe-Asia (2002) (available in the PDF also http://www.i-b-r.org/docs/jiang.pdf). The Contents are Santilli isonumber theory, Jiang function Jn (w), complex trigonometric functions and complex hyperbolic functions. These two number theory books are the summary of the authors own independent research results. These results were not invented by the author in the past and laid the foundation for number　theory. Jiang Book Exceeds Gauss Book.

[There are two books in history. The first is Gauss book and the second is Jiang book. J Am Sci 2025;21(5):29-33]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 04 doi:10.7537/marsjas210525.04

Keywords： Gauss book (Disquisitions of Arithmetic; congruent; law of quadratic reciprocity.

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