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An Economic Analysis of Bee Honey Production in Egypt (Case study of Beni Suef Governorate)

Asmaa Abd Elrhman Yousef, Engy Ahmed Teimaa, Noura Mamdouh Tantawy

Department of Researcher and Regional Studies, Agricultural Economic Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt

*Corresponding author: noura.tantawy39@gmail.com

Abstract: The research aimed to study the economics of honey production in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt. This can be achieved through; (1) Examining the current status for development of honey beehive numbers, honey production quantity, and beeswax production in Egypt and Beni Suef governorate during (2005-2023), (2) Measuring the beehive density per feddan in Beni Suef governorate and in the selected districts within the research sample in 2024, (3) Analyzing the production costs items per one beehive and the relative importance of each items in apiaries of different production capacities within the research sample in 2024, (4) Measuring certain productive and economic indicators per beehive in apiaries of different production capacities within the research sample, in order to determine the profitability of these projects, (5) Identifying the production and marketing problems facing beekeepers, and proposed solutions from the beekeepers' perspective to overcome them, (6) Identifying the Strengths and Weaknesses of beekeeping projects, and the Opportunities and Threats facing beekeepers in the research sample. The research is based on primary data obtained through a questionnaire survey administered via personal interviews with apiary owners in Beni Suef governorate during 2024, and published secondary data obtained from the Annual Bulletin of Income Estimates from the Agricultural Sector and the Annual Bulletin of Statistics Livestock issued by (CAPMAS), in addition to unpublished secondary data obtained from the directorate of Agriculture in Beni Suef governorate and the selected districts within the research sample, affiliated with the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation.

[Asmaa Abd Elrhman Yousef, Engy Ahmed Teimaa, Noura Mamdouh Tantawy. An Economic Analysis of Bee Honey Production in Egypt (Case study of Beni Suef Governorate). J Am Sci 2026;22(1):1-16]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 01. doi:10.7537/marsjas220126.01

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Scientific Evaluation of Noise Pollution and Associated Health Hazards at Sawmills in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria

¹I. E. Duruanyim*, ¹N. O. Azubuike, ¹D. H. Japheth, ²H. Ik. Duruanyim, ¹A. J. Ayinya and ¹M. C. Nwuka.

¹Department of Forestry and Wildlife Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria

²Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated noise levels in selected sawmills in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria. The study aims to measure and analyze noise intensity and frequency, assess potential health risks, and recommend mitigation strategies. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 40 respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collate information from sawmill workers using the Kobo Collect mobile application. Information gathered captured the perceptions of noise exposure and its impacts on health (symptoms of hearing loss, stress, and other related health issues) of the workers. Noise measurements were taken using sound level meters at various distances (of 1, 5 and 9 meters) within the sawmills during peak operational hours (2 – 4 pm West African Time) to ensure accuracy and representatives of typical working conditions. The study revealed that 62.5% of workers were between 30-49 years old, and 62.5% were male. Noise levels exceeded recommended safety limits, posing serious threats to workers' hearing and overall health. The Umuonyeali sawmill recorded an average of 85.4889 dB for the Circular saw machine, while the Naze sawmill recorded 94.0889 dB. The Spindle moulder machine recorded 94.2556 dB at Umuonyeali and 90.7556 dB at Naze. A significant difference in noise levels was found between the two sawmills (p<0.1). To mitigate these risks, the study recommends introducing work rotation schedules, conducting regular hearing tests, and installing mass-loaded vinyl or heavy materials on roofs to reduce noise levels. These measures can help protect workers' hearing and overall health, ensuring a safer working environment in the sawmills.

[I. E. Duruanyim, N. O. Azubuike, D. H. Japheth, H. Ik. Duruanyim, A. J. Ayinya and M. C. Nwuka.. Scientific Evaluation of Noise Pollution and Associated Health Hazards at Sawmills in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria. J Am Sci 2026;22(1):17-25]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 02. doi:10.7537/marsjas220126.02

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Patient’s Caregiver Satisfaction with Home Health Care Services Provided by King Fahad Specialist Hospital – Dammam

1.      Bashayer al makainzi. Family medicine resident R4. King Fahad Specialist Hospital - Dammam

2.      Omar al shammari. Family medicine consultant, department of family medicine

King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam

3.      Najwa Zabeeri. MBBSS, SBFM, demonstrator family medicine specialist, Dammam University  

4.      Naheel Al Amer. MBBSS, SBFM, demonstrator family medicine specialist, Dammam University  

5.      Haneen Abu Hayeh., MSN., RN. Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman Jordan

6.      Mohannad AbuRuz., PhD, ARNP, CNS, Associate Professor, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan

Corresponding Author: Haneen Abu Hayeh

E mail: haneen.hayeh@hotmail.com Tel: 00962790635895

Abstract: Caregiver satisfaction with home health care services becomes one of the most widely used  measures of care evaluation as it reflects the success of the given health services. In Saudi Arabia, family caregivers play a crucial role in the home care. In order to improve home health program quality, this study aimed to assess the satisfaction of patient's caregivers with health care services provided by King Fahad Specialist hospital-Dammam, and to identify the potential factors affecting their satisfaction. A total of 102 participants who are registered in home health department for not less than three visits at King Fahad Specialist hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia and met the criteria were included in the study. Data were collected using face to face and phone calls interviews. The median age was 45 years, 59.8% of the family care givers were their own children, 99% of the participants preferred home care rather than hospital, and 72.9% were very satisfied with home care teams. In conclusion, majority of the participants were satisfied in general with the program and expressed preference of home care rather than hospital. However, the results showed some defects in some areas. Furthermore, no factors were found that may specifically attribute to their overall satisfaction. The program's administration should improve physiotherapy, medical care, and social services.

[Bashayer al makainzi. Patient’s Caregiver Satisfaction with Home Health Care Services Provided by King Fahad Specialist Hospital – Dammam. Am Sci 2026;22(1):26-34. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 03. doi:10.7537/marsjas220126.03

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Jiang Gravitational Formula

Chun-Xuan. Jiang

China Aerospace Science And Technology Corporation

P. O. Box 142-206, Beijing 100854, P. R. China

J136211668701@163.com;

Abstract: Using the space-time ring we establish the mathematical theory of space-time with subluminal and superluminal coexistence(SASC). Using two methods we deduce the Jiang gravitational formula. Tardyonic rotating motion produces the centrifugal force, but tachyonic rotating motion produces the centripetal force, that is gravity. Using it we establish the expansion theory of the universe and suggest the new universe model. Jiang gravitational formula changes all that. Using it we prove that in the universe there are no dark matters, no dark energies ,no gravitational waves, n o quantum entanglements, no quantum computers, no Higgs particles and no black holes. We prove that the equivalence principle is not exist . Theory of everything has two forces: (1) the subluminal forces (electromagnetism and weak force) and (2) superluminal forces (gravity and strong force). Using it we prove that quantum information theory is unobservable and non-locality. PACS:04.90.+e,98.80.-k.

[Chun-Xuan. Jiang. Jiang Gravitational Formula. J Am Sci 2026;22(1):35-45. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 04. doi:10.7537/marsjas220126.04

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New York State Is Ready to Implement Universal Basic Income and Universal Free Basic Health Insurance: Necessity, Feasibility, and Policy Pathways 

Ma Hongbao, PhD

 Queens, New York, USA

Phone: 718-404-5362; Email: mafornewyork@gmail.com

Abstract: New York State has reached a critical juncture at which persistent social, economic, and governance challenges require systemic solutions rather than incremental adjustments. This paper argues that Universal Basic Income (UBI) and Universal Free Basic Health Insurance (UFBHI) together constitute a coherent and necessary governance framework for New York. Drawing on the state’s economic capacity, near-universal insurance coverage, and institutional readiness, the study demonstrates that both policies are no longer theoretical but immediately implementable. The paper shows that income security without healthcare security is structurally incomplete, and healthcare access without income stability remains fragile. By integrating UBI with universal healthcare, New York can eliminate poverty, reduce inequality, stabilize public finances, and strengthen long-term economic productivity.

[Ma Hongbao. New York State Is Ready to Implement Universal Basic Income and Universal Free Basic Health Insurance: Necessity, Feasibility, and Policy Pathways. J Am Sci 2026;22(1):46-48]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 05. doi:10.7537/marsjas220126.05

Keywords: Universal Basic Income; Universal Healthcare; Social Policy; Public Finance; Poverty Reduction; Governance Reform; New York State

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Research on Paradigm Transformation in Design Education and Innovative Talent Cultivation Mechanisms Driven by Generative AI Content (AIGC)

BU Wei

School of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang Harbin.

Abstract: The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AIGC) has had a disruptive impact on the connotation and extension of design education, driving it to transform from a deep paradigm of "skill imparting" to "intelligent collaboration". This article aims to explore the core changes in design education under the drive of AIGC in terms of teaching objectives, content, models and evaluation systems, and directly confront the current practical predicaments of the design discipline education system, such as lagging curriculum, ethical misconduct and single evaluation. The core of the research lies in establishing a new mechanism for cultivating innovative talents in the digital age based on "thinking upgrade, human-machine collaboration, and value shaping", and proposing a practical plan with a four-dimensional path of "critical thinking cultivation, human-machine collaborative engineering literacy, interdisciplinary project-based teaching, and ethical framework embedding". It aims to provide theoretical references and practical guidance for the systematic reconstruction of design education in the intelligent era.

[BU Wei. Research on Paradigm Transformation in Design Education and Innovative Talent Cultivation Mechanisms Driven by Generative AI Content (AIGC). J Am Sci 2026;22(1):49-52]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 06. doi:10.7537/marsjas220126.06

Keywords: Generative Artificial Intelligence (AIGC); Design education; Paradigm shift; Innovative talents; Cultivation mechanism

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